NGC 1是一个漩涡星系，在飞马座。直径约90,000光年，比银河系小。

NGC 11860年使用时列表显示，这个星系有所有星系最低的经度，但是现在它已不是原来的位置，这个星系不再有NGC星系最低的经度。
观测资料 （J2000 历元）
星座飞马座
赤经 00h 07m 15.86s
赤纬 +27° 42′ 29.7〃
红移 0.015177
距离 206 ± 29 Mly(63.2 ± 9 Mpc)
类型 SA(s)b
视大小(V） 1′.549 x 1′.023
视星等 12.9
蓝等(V) 13.65
表面亮度 13.4
其他名称
UGC 00057, PGC 000564, Holm 2A, GC
NGC 1 (= PGC 564)
Discovered (Sep 30, 1861) by Heinrich d'Arrest
A 1magnitude 12.9 spiral galaxy (type SA(s)b?) in Pegasus (RA 00 07 15.9, Dec +27 42 32)Per Dreyer, NGC 1 (= d'Arrest, 1860 RA 00 00 04, NPD 63 04.3) is "faint, small, round, lying between 11th and 14th magnitude stars". The position precesses to RA 00 07 15.8, Dec +27 42 28, within 0.1 arcmin of the center of the galaxy, and there are appropriate stars to the northeast and southwest, so the identification is certain. Based on a recessional velocity of 4550 km/sec, NGC 1 is about 210 million light years away, in good agreement with redshift-independent distance estimates of 175 to 245 million light years. (Another recessional velocity measurement of 2215 km/sec would place the galaxy only 100 million light years away, which seems unlikely, given the redshift-independent results; so it is probably incorrect.) Given that and its apparent size of 2.2 by 1.8 arcmins, it is about 130 thousand light years across. Note: Although close in the sky (see the wide-field image below), NGC 1 and 2 are at very different distances; if stars, they would be called an "optical double". However, NGC 1 is listed as a member of the NGC 23Group, which also includes NGC 26, and PGC 619, 654, 830 and 912.
将就着看吧
1861年9月30日Heinrich d'Arrest发现了NGC 1.
这是一个视星等为12.9，分类为SAb的漩涡星系，在其东北方和西南方有几颗明亮的恒星，所以找到这个星系还是很容易的。它的退行速度为4550km/s，它距离我们约2.06亿光年。根据它的视大小2.2′×1.8′，推测它的大小约为13万光年。尽管NGC 1与NGC 2看起来很接近，但是它们实际上距离很遥远，只是刚好在视觉上位于同一个方位，是“光学双星系”。

NGC 4是一个非常黯淡的星系。它位於双鱼座，星等为15.9等，赤经为7分24.5秒，赤纬为+8°22'26"。在1864年11月29日被首次发现。
观测资料 （J2000 历元）
星座 双鱼座
赤经 00h 07m 24.41s
赤纬 +08° 22′ 25.6〃
红移 unknown(?)
类型 S
视大小(V) 0′.6 × 0′.3
视星等(V) 16.8
其他名称
PGC 212468, GC 5081.
NGC 4 (= PGC 212468)
Discovered (Nov 29, 1864) by Albert Marth
A magnitude 15.9 lenticular galaxy (type S0/a?) in Pisces (RA 00 07 24.5, Dec +08 22 26)
Per Dreyer, NGC 4 (= Marth 2, 1860 RA 00 00 16, NPD 82 23) is "extremely faint". The position precesses to RA 00 07 26.7, Dec +08 23 46, more than an arcmin north-northeast of the galaxy, but per Corwin since Marth observed NGC 3 and 4 on the same night, and their relative offset is reasonably accurate (the errors in their positions being more similar than not), the identification is certain. It should be noted that such a faint object was beyond the reach of most telescopes of the day, and the only reason Marth could observe NGC 4 was that he used the second largest telescope in the world (one of 48 inches aperture, second only to Lord Rosse's 72 inch Leviathan). NGC 4's apparent size is 0.5 by 0.4 arcmins; nothing else seems to be available. (Note: Per Corwin, LEDA originally listed PGC 620 as NGC 4. That error has been corrected in the LEDA database, but not everywhere else. For instance, a Wikisky search for NGC 4 still shows PGC 620; so for such a search the PGC designation should be used to ensure an accurate identification of the object in question.)
Albert Marth 于1864年11月29日发现NGC 4，Albert Marth发现时形容它。
Albert Marth之所以能发现这个星系，是因为他使用了当时世界第二大口径的望远镜，口径达48英寸，仅仅小于罗斯勋爵口径为72英寸的利维坦望远镜。

NGC 5是一个椭圆星系。它位于仙女座，星等为13.8等，赤经为7分48.8秒，赤纬为+35°21'46"。在1881年10月21日被首次发现。 红位移有5111km／s。
NGC 5 (2MASS)
观测资料 （J2000 历元）
星座仙女座
赤经 00h 07m 48.872s
赤纬 +35° 21′ 44.3〃
红移 5111 ± 41 km/s
距离 2.12 亿光年Redshift-based
红移值 +0.016792 ± 0.000227
类型 E4
视大小(V) 1.2′ × 0.7′
视星等(V) 13.8
蓝等 14.8
NGC 5 (= PGC 595)
Discovered (Oct 21, 1881) by Édouard Stephan
A magnitude 13.3 elliptical galaxy (type E4? pec) in Andromeda (RA 00 07 48.8, Dec +35 21 46)Per Dreyer, NGC 5 (= Stephan's list XII (#1), 1860 RA 00 00 37, NPD 55 25.0) is "very faint, very small, nucleus equivalent to a 13th or 14th magnitude star". The position precesses to RA 00 07 49.7, Dec +35 21 46, which is 0.2 arcmin west of the galaxy's nucleus (but within its outer glow), and the nucleus has the stated brightness; so the identification is certain. Based on a recessional velocity of 5110 km/sec, NGC 5 is about 240 million light years away. Given that and its apparent size of 1.2 by 0.7 arcmins, it is about 80 thousand light years across.
Édouard Stephan于1881年10月21日发现NGC 5，并形容它非常暗，非常小，亮度相当于一颗13至14等的恒星。其星系核比较明亮。根据它的红移速度5110km/s，推测它的距离约为2.12亿光年，大小相当于7万光年。

NGC 8是飞马座的双星。星等分别为15.2与16.5，赤经为8分45.3秒，赤纬为+23°50'19"。在1865年9月29日被首次发现。

NGC 9是飞马座的罕有的漩涡星系。星等为13.7，赤经为8分54.5秒，赤纬为+23°49'4"。在1865年9月27日被首次发现。 红位移有4528km／s。
类型 Sb/P
赤经 00h 08m 54.5s
赤纬 +23° 49′ 04"
红移值 +0.015087 ± 0.000097
红移速度 4528 ± 10 km/s
距离 142 ± 31 Mly(43.5 ± 9.5 kpc)
视星等 (V) 13.7
蓝等(V) 14.5
视大小 1.1′× 0.7′
NGC 9 (= PGC 652)
Otto Struve 于1865年9月27日发现NGC 9，并形容它很暗，呈圆形，位于两颗9等或10等星东南方。
NGC 9的视星等为13.7，类型为Sb。但每三人,特斯。特鲁夫的偏移自九级星向东南使得识别特定的。基于它的红移速度为4530公里/秒,它的距离约为2亿光年,不过经过修改，它的距离约为1.15至1.85亿光年之间。根据其视大小为1.3′×0.7 ′,它的实际大小应为6万光年,但由于在它的距离存在不确定性,这个数值也是不确定的。
Discovered (Sep 27, 1865) by Otto Struve
A magnitude 13.5 spiral galaxy (type Sb? pec) in Pegasus (RA 00 08 54.5, Dec +23 49 04)Per Dreyer, NGC 9 (= O Struve, 1860 RA 00 01 27, NPD 67 00) is "faint, round, 9th or 10th magnitude star to the southeast". The position precesses to RA 00 08 39.1, Dec +23 46 46, which is 15 seconds of time west and over 2 arcmin south of the galaxy; but per Corwin, Struve's offset from the 9th magnitude star to the southeast makes the identification certain. Based on a recessional velocity of 4530 km/sec, NGC 9 is about 200 million light years away, in fair agreement with redshift-independent distance estimates of 115 to 185 million light years. Given that and its apparent size of 1.3 by 0.7 arcmins, it is probably around 60 thousand light years across, but because of the uncertainty in its distance, its actual size is equally uncertain.

第一张图片是斯旺彗星吗？

雪茄星系 ?是什么 ？

NGC 28 (= PGC 730 = PGC 395160)
Discovered (Oct 28, 1834) by John Herschel
A magnitude 13.8 elliptical galaxy (type E1?) in Phoenix (RA 00 10 25.2, Dec -56 59 20)Per Dreyer, NGC 28 (= John Herschel's GC 13, 1860 RA 00 03 25, NPD 147 46.4) is "extremely faint, the preceding (western) of 2". The position precesses to RA 00 10 26.5, Dec -56 59 38, which is 0.4 arcmin southeast of the center of the galaxy, but within its outer glow; and it definitely "precedes" NGC 31, which lies just to its east, so the identification is certain. Based on a recessional velocity of 9640 km/sec, NGC 28 is about 430 million light years away. Given that and its apparent size of 0.9 by 0.8 arcmins, it is about 100 thousand light years across. Unlike nearby NGC 25, which is listed as a member of Abell 2371, NGC 28 is not listed as such, and could be slightly behind the cluster. But the difference in its recessional velocity is well within the range of peculiar (non-Hubble-expansion) velocities for such clusters, so odds are that it is also a member of the cluster.

NGC 30是飞马座的一个双星。赤经为10分50.8秒，赤纬为+21°58'39"。Albert Marth在1864年10月30日首次发现NGC30，并认为这是一个视星等为13等的星云。两颗子星的是行动了分别为14.8与15.0。
Recorded (Oct 30, 1864) by Albert Marth
A magnitude 14.8 and 15.0 double star in Pegasus (RA 00 10 50.8, Dec +21 58 39)Per Dreyer, NGC 30 (= Marth 4, 1860 RA 00 03 38, NPD 68 49) is "a nebulous star 13th magnitude". The position precesses to RA 00 10 50.6, Dec +21 57 45, which is an arcmin south of the pair. Per Corwin, there are no galaxies within 10 arcmin, and the close double would appear nebulous under less than perfect seeing, so the description seems to confirm the identification.

NGC 46是双鱼座一个恒星，视星等为11.8。赤经为00h14m10.1s，赤纬为+5°59'14"。Edward Cooper在1852年10月22日首次被发现。
NGC 46
Recorded (Oct 22, 1852) by Edward Cooper
A magnitude 11.8 star in Pisces (RA 00 14 10.0, Dec +05 59 14)Per Dreyer, NGC 46 (= Markree Catalog, 1860 RA 00 06 59, NPD 84 47.5) is "a nebula (Auwers 2)". The position precesses to RA 00 14 10.1, Dec +05 59 14, exactly on the star; so despite its not being a nebular object, the identification is certain. Note: A Wikisky search for NGC 46 incorrectly shows NGC 469, so the position must be used to see the correct object.

NGC67A

NGC67A是一个位于仙女座的椭圆星系，类型为E5，视星等为14.7是一个位于NGC67与NGGC68之间的星系。在1855年10月7日首次被R. J. Mitchell发现，不过R. J. Mitchell当时认为这是一颗恒星。它的退行速度为6645km/s，距离约为2.95亿光年，视大小为0.4′×0.35′，直径约为3.5万光年。是NGC68星系群的成员。
观测资料 J2000.0
类型 E5
赤经 00h 18m 12.1s
赤纬 +30° 03' 19"
退行速度 6645km/s
距离 2.95亿光年
视星等(V) 14.7
蓝等 (V) 15.7
视大小 0.4′×0.35′
表面亮度 12.1
其他名称 NGC 67A, PGC 138159
PGC 1185 (= PGC 138160 = "NGC 67A", and part of Arp 113; but not = NGC 67)
(Arp 113 = NGC 67, "67A", 68, 69, 70, 71 and 72)
Not an NGC object, but sometimes called "NGC 67A", and often misidentified as NGC 67
Recorded as a star (Oct 7, 1855) by R. J. Mitchell
A magnitude 14.7 elliptical galaxy (type E3?) in Andromeda (RA 00 18 14.9, Dec +30 03 48)Between NGC 67 and NGC 68 is a compact galaxy, PGC 1185, that was recorded by Mitchell as a star. For the reasons discussed at NGC 67, Mitchell's "star" is often misidentified as NGC 67 (which see for a closeup image), and the actual NGC 67 as NGC 67A. Given that confusion, the galaxies' PGC numbers or coordinates should be used in searching databases to ensure reliable results. Based on a recessional velocity of 6645 km/sec, PGC 1185 is about 295 million light years away, indicating that it is also a member of theNGC 68 Group of galaxies. (A substantial portion of the group is listed as Arp 113, as an example of elliptical galaxies close to and perturbing spiral galaxies.) Given that and an apparent size of 0.4 by 0.35 arcmin, it is about 35 thousand light years across.

NGC68星系群



上图中其他PGC星系是否是NGC68星系群的成员还未知。
下图NGC68星系群的资料

Note: A portion of the radial velocities of group members is undoubtedly "peculiar velocities" of the galaxies relative to each other. Galaxies with apparently larger distances are probably closer than indicated, but moving away from us relative to the others; while galaxies with apparently smaller distances are probably further away than indicated, but moving toward us relative to the others. The overall apparent size of the Group (about 11 arcmin) corresponds to about a million light years, so the Group should be no larger than a million light years in any dimension. (Of course, some of the "members" may actually be background or foreground galaxies, but that cannot be determined from currently available data.)
NGC68星系群的视大小约为11′，对应的真实大小约为100万光年，因此该星系群的大小应该不超过100万光年，不过引力束缚范围要比这大得多，有些成员可能是前景星系或背景星系，但是目前不能确定。

NGC82
NGC 82是仙女座的一个恒星，视星等为14.6。赤经为00h21m17.6s，赤纬为+22°27'40"。在1884年10月23日首次被法国天文学家纪尧姆·比古尔丹发现。邻近的星系有NGC 83、NGC 85和IC 1546。
NGC 82
Recorded (Oct 23, 1884) by Guillaume Bigourdan
A magnitude 14.6 star in Andromeda (RA 00 21 17.6, Dec +22 27 40)Per Dreyer, NGC 82 (= Bigourdan (list I, #3), 1860 RA 00 14 02, NPD 68 18.9) is "extremely faint, stellar". The position precesses to RA 00 21 18.1, Dec +22 27 44, within 0.1 arcmin of the truly stellar object, so the identification is certain. The star is northwest of NGC 83, which see for an image.

NGC84

NGC 84是仙女座的一个恒星，视星等为15.0。赤经为00h21m21.2s，赤纬为+22°37'09"。在1884年11月14日首次被纪尧姆·比古尔丹发现。邻近的天体有NGC 86和NGC 79。
NGC 84 (= PGC 3325897)
Recorded (Nov 14, 1884) by Guillaume Bigourdan
A magnitude 15.0 star in Andromeda (RA 00 21 21.2, Dec +22 37 09)Per Dreyer, NGC 84 (= Bigourdan (list I, #4), 1860 RA 00 14 05, NPD 68 09.7) is "extremely faint, star plus nebulosity". The position precesses to RA 00 21 21.2, Dec +22 36 56, within 0.2 arcmin of the star, so although the "plus nebulosity" was wrong, the identification is certain. (Note: Wikisky misidentifies PGC 1384 as NGC 84; so use the coordinates to see the correct object).