Legio III Cyrenaica, (from Cyrenaica, a Roman province), was probably levied by Mark Antony around 36 BC when he was governor of Cyrenaica. 第三昔兰尼加军团(来自于罗马昔兰尼加行省),可能由马克·安东尼(Mark Antony)在36年任昔兰尼加(Cyrenaica)总督时征募。 There are still records of the legion in Syria in the beginning of the 5th century. The legion symbol is unknown. 直到公元5世纪初在叙利亚(Syria)依然有此军团的记录。军团的标志不明。 The first historical appearance of the legion is during the campaign of Emperor Caesar Augustus to conquer Egypt in 30 BC. III Cyrenaica would remain in Egypt and, in AD 35 was in Alexandria, sharing camp with XXII Deiotariana. The main task of both legions was keep the province safe and to maintain peace and order between the different ethnic and religious groups present in Alexandria. 军团在历史中的第一次亮相是参加了凯撒·奥古斯都(Caesar Augustus)皇帝公元前30年对Egypt的征服。第三昔兰尼加军团可能留在了Egypt,公元35年调往亚历山大(Alexandria),和第二十二戴奥塔利亚纳(Deiotariana)在一个营地中。两个军团的主要任务是保持行省的安全,让不同的民族和宗教团体在亚历山大和谐共处。 In the internal turmoil of the Roman Empire, III Cyrenaica tended to follow defeated candidates for the throne like Avidius Cassius (vs. Marcus Aurelius in 175) and Pescennius Niger (vs. Septimius Severus in 192). 在罗马的内部动荡中,第三昔兰尼加军团跟随了争夺宝座中的失利一方(译者注:真悲剧,囧),比如,阿维狄乌斯·卡西乌斯(Avidius Cassius,175年和马可·奥勒留竞争),佩斯切尼乌斯·尼格尔(Pescennius Niger,192年和塞普蒂米乌斯·塞维鲁争夺宝座)。
公元101年,军团移往密西亚,参加了图拉真(Trajan)皇帝对达西亚(Dacian)国王德克巴卢斯(Decebalus。译者注:意思是壮如十人,这是他战胜罗马军团改的名字。囧rz)的战斗。当时的军团指挥官就是未来的皇帝哈德良。在图拉真对达西亚的第二次战争于106年结束后,军团从107年开始留在了Troesmis(现在的Iglita,位于罗马尼亚),靠近多瑙河三角洲(Danube Delta)。 When Emperor Lucius Verus started his campaign against the Parthians (161–166), the legion moved to the east, but was returned to Dacia Porolissensis and was based in Potaissa by 166. This was indeed fortunate for Emperor Marcus Aurelius; the Danuvian frontier was a hot border of the Empire, and when Marcus Aurelius repelled the invading Marcomanni, Sarmatians, and Quadi, the V Macedonica was in the thick of it. 当路奇乌斯·维鲁斯(Lucius Verus)皇帝开始对帕提亚的战役时(161-166)年,军团被调往东部,但在166年又被调回了达西亚的波洛利森希斯(Porolissensis)行省,以颇泰萨(Potaissa)为基地。对于马可·奥勒留(Marcus Aurelius)皇帝来说这是一个正确的决策:多瑙河边境是帝国的一个热点区域,第五马其顿军团在马克·奥勒留击退马科曼尼(Marcomanni)人,萨尔玛提亚人(Sarmatians)和夸迪人(Quadi)的过程中起到了重要作用。 At the beginning of the reign of Commodus, the V Macedonica and the XIII Gemina once again defeated the Sarmatians, under the future usurpers Pescennius Niger and Clodius Albinus. The Fifth later supported Septimius Severus, in his fight for the purple. Then in 185 or 187, the legion was awarded of the title Pia Constans ("Faithful and reliable") or Pia Fidelis ("Faithful and loyal"), after defeating a mercenary army in Dacia. 在康茂德(Commodus)皇帝开始执政时,第五马其顿和第十三“盖米纳”(双子)军团在未来的篡位者佩斯切尼乌斯·尼格尔(Pescennius Niger)和克洛狄乌斯·阿尔比努斯(Clodius Albinus)的指挥下,再次击退了萨尔玛提亚人。第五军团不久后支持了塞普蒂米乌斯·塞维鲁(Septimius Severus)争夺皇位的战斗。公元185年或者187年,在达西亚击败一支雇佣军后,军团被授予称号“Pia Constans”(忠实可靠)或者“Pia Fidelis”(忠实忠诚)。 While based at Potaissa for most of the 3rd century, V Macedonica fought several times, earning battle honours in doing so. Valerian gave the Fifth the name III Pia III Fidelis; his son, Gallienus gave the legion the title VII Pia VII Fidelis, with the 4th, 5th and 6th titles awarded probably when the legion was used as a mobile cavalry unit against usurpers Ingenuus and Regalianus (260, Moesia). A vexillatio fought against Victorinus (Gaul, 269–271). 公元三世纪在驻守颇泰萨时,第五马其顿参加了一些战斗,获得了战斗荣誉。瓦勒良(Valerian)给予了第五军团“三次忠实三次忠诚”的称号。他的儿子,加里恩努斯(Gallienus)授予了军团“七次忠实七次忠诚”的称号,第四、五、六次可能是军团作为骑兵单位,在对抗篡位者英格努乌斯(Ingenuus)和雷加里亚努斯(Regalianus)时(公元260年,密西亚)获得的。一支分队对抗过维克托里努斯(Victorinus,高卢,269-271年)。 The legion returned to Oescus in 274, after Aurelian had retired from Dacia. It guarded the province in later centuries, becoming a comitatensis unit under the Magister Militum per Orientis. It probably became part of the Byzantine army.
公元274年,奥勒良放弃达西亚后,军团退回了伊斯克尔。在随后的几个世纪里,他们守卫着那个行省,成为东部的军事指挥官(Magister Militum per Orientis)手下的一支野战军团。后来可能成为了拜占庭(Byzantine)部队的一部分。 The cavalry unit created by Gallienus was definitively detached by Diocletian, and become part of his comitatus. This unit was sent to Mesopotamia, where it successfully fought against the Sassanid Empire in 296, and then to Memphis, where it was to stay until its entering into the Byzantine army. 加里恩努斯创建的骑兵部分由戴克里先(Diocletian)分离出来,成为他的军队的一部分。这支部队被派往美索不达米亚(Mesopotamia),在那里他们于296年击败了萨珊帝国(Sassanid Empire)。随后部队前往孟菲斯(Memphis),直到成为拜占庭部队的一部分。 Equipment:装备 Lorica hamata:锁子甲 Weighted Pilum:加重标枪(无视我的翻译吧,看图片,比early pilun在中部的木铁结合处多了个球) Mainz gladius: Mainz was founded as the Roman permanent camp of Moguntiacum probably in 13 BC. This large camp provided a population base for the growing city around it. Sword manufacture probably began in the camp and was continued in the city; for example, Gaius Gentilius Victor, a veteran of Legio XXII, used his discharge bonus on retirement to set up a business as a negotiator gladiarius, a manufacturer and dealer of arms. Swords made at Mainz were sold extensively to the north. They are characterized by a slight waist running the length of the blade and a long point. Blade width 7-8 cm. Blade length 66 cm - 70 cm. 美因茨短剑:美因茨(Mainz)可能在公元前13年作为罗马人在Moguntiacum的永久营地而建立。这个大型营地为随后建立的一个城市提供了基础。铸剑工程可能在营地中开始,最后发展到了城市里。例如第二十二军团的一个退伍军人,盖厄斯·哥提里尔斯·维克托(Gaius Gentilius Victor)就用他的退伍金在城市里开始了制造销售武器的营生。美因茨制造的剑被广泛地用于北方。它们的特征是。。。(自己看图片去吧,long point我翻译不出来了)。剑身宽7-8厘米,长66-70厘米。 Imperial Gallic Type C:帝国意大利C型头盔