The inner leaflet of the bilayer has very different composition than that of the outer leaflet.While some protein traverse the membrane,other are *rivet anchored into the inner leaflet by covalently attach fatty acid chains or a recruited through non-covalent interactions with membrane proteins.The membrane bond protein complexes are critical for the transmition of signal across the plasma membrane.The *leafy lipid bilayer,spectrin tetramers arranged into hexagonal network that are anchored by membrane proteins.This network forms the membrane skeleton that contributes to membrane stability and membrane protein distribution.
The cytososkelecton is comprised of networks of filamental protein that are responsible for the special organization of cytosoltic components.Inside the microvilli,actin filaments form type parallel bundles which are stabilized by cross -linking proteins.While deeper in the cytosome,the actin networks adapt jawlike structure stabilized by a variety of actin binding proteins.Filaments kep their minus-ends by protein complex,grow away from plasma membrane by the addition of actin polymers to the plus-end.The actin network is a very dynamic structure with continuous directional polymerization and disassembly.severing proteins induce kinks in the filaments and led to the formation of short filaments that rapidly depolymerize or give rise to new filaments.