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1	考博英语词汇（1）
	考博英语词汇（1）第一部分词汇记忆策略 1．全脑活化人类左右脑分析比较：左脑：意识、低速、一般阅读、知识、知觉、知性、逻辑右脑：无意识、超高速、速读、创造力、视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉、味觉、图像、色彩、直觉右脑具备左脑没有的特殊机能： 1．超高速大量记忆机制 2．图像化机能 3．超高速演算机能 4．共振共鸣机能 2．举例说明： 132623182830152111241922131425 3．词汇记忆策略：联想法、串联法、构词法、近义词、近形词、易混淆词、加减词、固定搭配  euthanasia, chrysanthemum  flower----rose, lily, tulip, peony, carnation, camellia, azalea, narcissus, chrysanthemum, forget-me-not, poinsettia, …  receive---deceive---conceive (-ceive= take; con- = 共同)  tumble---stumble （tumble…into/through 跌倒；stumble…over / on 脚下拌到东西而跌倒）  stationary---stationery （文具，如笔pen,铅笔pencil中含有"e", 故见到"e"就想起是文具。）  genius --- genuine (含有us的是天才，因为我们是天才啊！另一个就是“真正的”),  form---deform确（形状；变形）  attach to 第二部分实例练习 1．联想法 carnation, narcissus, coroner, chandelier, hippocampus, assassinate, antarctic, armour， abalone, flounder, cult, beau 2．串联法 network: Internet---cyberspace---email---e-commerce---website---on-line---homepage---browse---retrieve---log on… 3．构词法 -age （状态、特性、行为） page/rage, advantage/disadvantage, message/massage, courage/encourage, voltage/mileage, village/cottage, luggage/carriage, garage coverage, cabbage, shortage, leakage, breakage, passage, postage, bondage （bond 结束、约束、债券；bondage就含有“束缚、奴役”的意思）, damage, garbage （garb 衣服）, manage ,spillage, usage, storage, savage, sausage (sauce), dosage language, image, heritage, engage -ward inward, outward, forward, backward, toward, upward, downward, seaward, skyward,---coward, reward, award, a- (构成作表语用的形容词；构成动词。。。) apart, aloud, around, away, afar, aboard, across alike, acute, alive, asleep, aware amaze, amend, amuse, arise, ascribe, avail, await, awake, award, abound, abridge, amount affirm, acclaim, accompany, account, arrange, array, arrest, arrow 4．近义词 Merchants 煤商 Blame for Income Thieves Dealers 买进卖出商人 Condemn for Wages Burglars Businessmen （广义）商人 Accuse of Salary Robbers Tradesmen （英）店主 Criticize for Pay Bandits Scene 特别的景象，如泰山的日出 Announce Buyers Synthetic Scenery一国一地的自然风光 Publish Shoppers False Views特别的景象 Advertise Customers Imitation Nature 强调大自然的感召力，不着重具体的自然景象 Inform Clients Counterfeit Artificial Urgent 紧急 Substitute Particular Hasty 草率 Selection Peculiar Mortal Instant 立刻 Preference Special Fatal Prompt 快速；及时 Alternative Unusual Deadly Contend 竞争；斗争 Fraud Preliminary Imaginative Compete比赛；竞争 Deceive Primary Imaginable Struggle斗争 Cheat Elementary Imagined Conflict 斗争 Dupe Fundamental Imaginary Hinder Decline Perplex Reproach Preclude Deny Puzzle Scold Detain Reject Confuse Compliment

	作者：121.27.120.* 2008-3-8 15:19 回复此发言

2	考博英语词汇（1）
	Retard Refuse Reprimand Hamper Protract Reliable Fatigued Empty Postpone Confident Tired Blank Cancel Faithful Exhausted Vacant Delay Dependent Bored Bare Adjourn 5．近形词 fiction fraction friction function tumble stumble scramble humble tremble resume consume assume presume resumption consumption assumption presumption bore core pore sore simplify modify verify rectify justify testify rectify verify transcription subscription prescription description attribute contribute distribute tribute attitude altitude aptitude descriptive prescriptive interference interruption intervention interaction transaction transmission transformation transition contact intact possibility validity reliability security conceivable perceivable arise rise raise arouse respectful respectable respected respective detain attain retain certain contain room doom boom loom intense intentional intensive intending intended assure ensure insure reassure sometimes some time sometime some times hatch catch patch match bare rare care dare fare hare banish vanish diminish admonish durability flexibility versatility hostility cooperate coordinate correlate correspond observe reserve conserve preserve deserve prior superior inferior senior junior sparrow swallow hollow sorrow narrow pillow bold cold fold gold hold mold sold told migrant immigrant immigrate immigration emigrant emigrate emigration edge hedge wedge pledge deduce reduce produce induce seduce preclude exclude include form deform inform transform conform contempt attempt prompt except accept concept percept receive deceive conceive perceive achieve believe grieve relieve 自测题： 1. 不看讲义，试一试你的记忆力。利用联想法，你能记住多少刚才所学的词： 1．____________________ 2. __________________ 3. _________________ 4. _____________________ 5. __________________ 6. _________________ 7. _____________________ 8. __________________ 9. _________________ 10. ____________________ 11. _________________ 12. ________________ 2. 列出以下单词的近义词： 1. income 2. mortal 3. urgent 4. synthetic 5. deceive 6. retard 7. empty 8. confuse 9. buyer 10. contend 3. 列出以下单词的近形词： 1. tumble 2. description 3. justify 4. attain 5. attribute 6. prior 汉英对照近义词 Merchants 煤商 Dealers 买进卖出商人 Businessmen （广义）商人 Tradesmen （英）店主 Scene 特别的景象，如泰山的日出 Scenery 一国一地的自然风光 Views 特别的景象 Nature 强调大自然的感召力，不着重具体的自然景象 Urgent 紧急 Hasty 草率 Instant 立刻 Prompt 快速；及时 Contend 搏斗；争夺 (compete against sb. in order to gain sth.) Compete 比赛；竞争 (try to be more successful than another person or organization in business) compete with sb. for sth. / compete for office（争夺公职） / against

	作者：121.27.120.* 2008-3-8 15:19 回复此发言

3	考博英语词汇（1）
	Struggle 斗争 (try hard to achieve sth.) struggle against difficulties/ struggle for freedom Conflict 斗争（两种观点、信仰不能同时存在，不能都正确。）a conflict of opinion （分歧）; The two accounts of what had happened conflicted with each other.（关于发生的事情，两个报道截然不同。） Hinder: make it difficult for sb. to do sth. Or for sth.to develop High invest rates will hinder economic growth. Preclude: (formal) prevent sth. or make sth. impossible Age alone will not preclude him from standing as a candidate. Detain: (officially) prevent sb. from leaving some place （拘留；扣押） Delay sb. who wants to leave, by talking to them, asking them to do sth.（耽搁；留住） He was detained by a flat tire on his way home. The police detained the man to make further inquiries. Retard: (formal) to delay the development of sth. or to make sth. happen more slowly than expected.（妨碍；推迟） Cold weather retards the growth of many plants. Bad roads retard the car （失修的公路阻滞了车速。） Hamper: restrict sb. movement, activities, achievements by causing difficulties for them. Women's progress in the workplace is still hampered by male's attitudes. Hamper sb. from getting elected. Protract: last a long time, esp. longer than usual Protracted negotiations 旷日持久的谈判 Protract one's stay for some weeks 多呆了几个星期 Postpone: change an event, action to a later time or date Gail and Lisa have decided to postpone having a family for a while. The match had to be postponed. Cancel: arrange that a planned activity or event will not now happen. The football game had been cancelled due to rain. Delay: wait until a later time to do sth. Don't delay claiming or you may lose benefit. Adjourn: finish or stop for a short time The chairman has the power to adjourn the meeting at any time. Blame for 把……归于 Condemn for 谴责 Accuse sb. of sth. 指责 Criticize for 批判 Announce 宣布；通知 Publish 发表；出版 Advertise 为……做广告 Inform 告知 (inform sb.of sth.) Substitute: sth. new or different that you use instead of sth. else that you used previously. 替代品；替补 Substitute teacher 代课教师 Selection: the careful choice of a particular person or thing from among a group of similar people or things. Preference: if you like a preference for sth. you like it more than another thing. Alternative: sth. that you can choose to do or use instead of sth. else Fraud: a method of illegally getting money from sb., often by using clever and complicated methods. Deceive: make sb. believe sth. that is not true in order to get what you want. Cheat: behave in a dishonest way in order to win or to get an advantage, esp. in competitive, game, exams. Dupe: trick or deceive sb. 哄骗；诈骗 Consumers are being duped into buying faulty electronic goods. Decline: refuse to do sth. （比较婉转，礼貌拒绝邀请） Deny: She denied working for the enemy = She said she was not working for the enemy ( NOT: She refused to work for the enemy.) Reject:拒绝申请，观点，计划

	作者：121.27.120.* 2008-3-8 15:19 回复此发言

4	考博英语词汇（1）
	Refuse: 拒绝邀请 Turn down 拒绝（口语） Reliable 可靠的；可信赖的（侧重于始终如一。） Confident 有信心的 Faithful 忠实的；可靠的（侧重于“忠于……”a reliable person, a faithful fighter Dependent 从属的；依靠的 Income 总收入 Wages 按周或日付酬 Salary 月薪；年薪 Pay 工资 Buyers 买主 Shoppers 家庭中外出购物的人 Customers 顾客 Clients 委托人 Particular: special enough to mention separately Peculiar: strange, unfamiliar, and a little surprising, esp. in a way that is unpleasant or worrying. Taste peculiar Special: not ordinary but different in some way and often better or more important. a special diet unusual: different from what is usual special ---specially or especially specially: used when you do sth. that is different from what you usually do for a particular purpose (with a passive form of a verb: a specially made) especially: to emphasize sth. is more worth mentioning or more important than the other things, ( …, especially when…) Preliminary 初步的；开始的（强调开始之前有准备工作） Primary 最初的；→主要的；基本的；→没有预备 Elementary 初步的；简单的 Fundamental 基础的 Perplex （常用被动）困惑；茫然；费解 Make you feel worried and confused because it is difficult to understand. e.g. I was somewhat perplexed by his response. Puzzle: confuse sb. or make them feel slightly anxious because they do not understand sth. e.g. What puzzles me is how the burglar got into the house without setting off the alarm. Confuse （常用被动） Make sb. feel that they cannot think clearly or do not understand. e.g. Don't give me so much information.--- you are confusing me. I was confused. Fatigued: very tired. e.g. fatigued after her long journey, Bill fell into a deep sleep. Tired: feeling that you want tosleep or rest. Exhausted: extremely tired and having no energy. Bored: tired and impatient because you do not think sth. is interesting, or because you have nothing to do. e.g. Children easily get bored. Thieves 小偷；窃贼 Burglars 潜入室内的盗贼 Robbers 强盗；贼 Bandits 土匪；强盗（常出没在山区、森林） Synthetic 合成的 False 假的；人造的（强调替代品，与原物不一样，如假牙，人造瓒石） Imitation 仿造的(Beware of imitation 谨防假冒) Counterfeit 比Imitation 更贬义 Artificial 人造的（强调生产方式，如：人工降雨） Mortal : causing death or likely to cause death e.g. mortal injures / blow / combat Fatal: resulting in sb's death e.g. fatal accident / illness / injures Deadly : like dead in appearance e.g. His face has a deadly paleness likely to cause death e.g. deadly person lethal: causing death, or having the power to cause death e.g. a lethal dose of a drug Imaginative: new and interesting idea used in a clever way; good at thingking of new, interesting ideas and at forming pictures in one's mind e.g. imaginative writer; imaginative child Imaginable: emphasize that sth. is the best, worst example of sth. that it is possible to imagine All, every, only Imagined: forming a picture or idea in your mind about what sth. could be like.

	作者：121.27.120.* 2008-3-8 15:19 回复此发言

5	考博英语词汇（1）
	Imaginary: not really, but produced from pictures or ideas in your mind. e.g. all the characters in this book are imaginary. Reproach: ~sb. for /with sth. ~ for doing sth. blame or criticize someone in a way that shows you are disappointed, but not angry e.g. Jake reproached her bitterly for abandoning him. Scold: angrily criticize someone, esp. a child, about sth. that have done. Compliment: ~ sb. on sth. Say sth. nice to sb. in order to praise him Reprimand: ~ sb. for sth. tell sb. officially that sth. they have done is very wrong. Rebuke: speak to sb. severely, about sth. they have done wrong. [ ~ sb. for V-ing] Chide: (literary) to speak angrily to sb. because you do not approve of sth. they have done. Compliment Complement : show up the good qualities in sb. or sth. or make them seem more attractive. Empty: having nothing inside; not having people inside; not being used e.g. an empty table in the corner [ empty nest: the situation that parents are in when all their children have left home] Blank: without any writing, print, or recorded sound; showing no understanding; e.g. go blank: suddenly unable to remember sth. for TV; stop showing any images Vacant: vacant seat, room → empty and available for sb. to use Vacant job, position → empty and available for sb. to start with Bare: empty, not covered by anything or not having any decoration; not covered by clothes, by trees or grass Deceived 欺骗 Deserted 遗弃 Desperated 绝望 Disappointed 失望近形词 fiction 小说 fraction 一部分 friction 摩擦 function 功能；职责 tumble 跌倒 stumble 拌倒 scramble 攀登；争夺 humble 谦虚；羞辱 tremble 颤抖；担心 resume 中断后重新开始 consume 消耗 assume 假定；假设；采用 (think that sth. is true although you have no proof of it. E.g. ~ responsibilities / power: start to do a job esp. an important one) presume 推测；冒昧 (think you can be sure of sth. because it is likely, although there is no proof. E.g. ~ sb. / sth. to be sth. / be ~ed to do sth. / ~ to do sth. resumption 恢复 consumption 消费 assumption 假定；臆断；傲慢(the assumption of responsibilities: the act of starting to have control or power) ( His air of assumption made him disliked.) presumption 傲慢；推测；假定 (disrespectful or impolite behavior that shows you are too confident) bore V.钻孔 n. 孔 core v. 使厌烦 n. 令人讨厌的事 pore v. 注视 n. 毛孔 a. 多孔的 sore a. 疼痛的 n. 痛处；溃疡 simplify 简化 modify 更改对某物作稍微修改使其完善 verify 证实 rectify 纠正；把不满意的状况变成合乎人们所期待的状况 justify 证明……是有道理的 testify 证明 rectify 纠正；把不满意的状况变成合乎人们所期待的状况 verify 证实 transcription: 抄写；翻译；副本 subscription：捐赠；订阅；认购； prescription 药方；指令 description：描述；描绘 attribute 把……归因于（to ） contribute 捐赠；投稿 contribute… to 有助于 distribute 分发；分配 tribute 贡品；勒索的钱财；颂词 attitude 态度 altitude 高度 aptitude 天资；倾向 latitude 纬度 multitude 人群（a multitude of …许多）

	作者：121.27.120.* 2008-3-8 15:19 回复此发言

6	考博英语词汇（1）
	descriptive 说明的 prescriptive 规范的；约定俗成的 interference 干预（强调妨碍） interruption 打断 intervention 介于；在中间起作用 interaction 相互作用 transaction 办理；交易；学报；相反作用 transmission 传送；传播；发送 transformation 转换；改革 transition 变迁；过渡时期 contact 接触；交往；有影响的熟人（tact 圆滑，乖巧，外交手腕） intact 完整无缺的 possibility 可能性 validity 有效性；正确性 reliability 可靠性 security 保障；安全感 conceivable 可想象的；可相信的 able to be belileved or imagined. E.g. every conceivable means perceivable 可感知的；可认识的 arise: begin to happen (problem, difficulty) e.g. arise from= caused by rise: increase, go upwards, rise, become successful raise: e.g. raise a question; waise your voice arouse: make you become interesting, expect sth. ; make sb. angry, afraid; wake sb. When things and prices move upwards on their own, they rise. People or government raise / increase the price. E.g. The government is raising the tax. Respectful 尊重别人的；有礼貌的 Respectable 值得人们尊重的；正派的 Respected 受到人们尊重的 Respective 各自的；各个的 detain: (officially) prevent sb. from leaving some place （拘留；扣押） Delay sb. who wants to leave, by talking to them, asking them to do sth.（耽搁；留住） Attain: succeed in reaching a particular level or in getting sth. after trying for a long time. Retain: keep sb. or continue to have sth. e.g. retain a sense of dignity Certain: 一定 Contain: 容纳 Room 房间 Doom 厄运；毁灭；定罪 Boom 高潮，迅速发展 Loom 织布机 Intense 强烈的 Intentional 有意的；故意的 Intensive 精细的；强化的 Intending 打算；意欲 intended assure : tell sb. that sth. with definitely happen. e.g. ~sb. that … be ~ed of: feel certain that sth. will happen ensure: make sure that it does happen (AmE. Insure) e.g. Please ensure that the lights are switched off before leaving the building. Assure can be used in this meaning, but it mainly used in : success, safety. E.g. The band's latest release has assured their success in the rock world. insure: against sth. bad happening to it by paying money to an insurance company. reassure: tell sb. that there is nothing to worry about. e.g. The doctor reassured me that there would be no pain. sometimes 有时 some time 一些时间 sometime 曾经；有朝一日 some times 几次 hatch 孵化 catch 捉 patch 缝补 match 匹配 bare 赤裸裸的；没有陈设的（揭露） rare 稀薄的；稀少的；煎的 care 小心；关心 dare 敢于 fare 车船费；乘客；伙食 hare 野兔 banish 禁止出入；驱逐出境；清除；消除（疾病） vanish 突然不见；逐渐消失 diminish 减少；贬低 admonish 警告；告诫；忠告 durability 耐用性 flexibility 变通性；灵活性 versatility 多才多艺；多功能 hostility 敌意；敌视 co- col- com- con- cor- with (共同) cooperate 合作 coordinate 协调 correlate 相关 correspond 相符合 collaborate 协作（与cooperate 同，但多用于科学和艺术） observe 观察 reserve 保留座位 conserve 保护；节省 preserve 保留 deserve 值得 prior 首先的 superior 优先的 inferior 次要的 senior 高级的 junior 初级的 exterior 外部的 interior 内部的 sparrow 麻雀 swallow 燕子 hollow 空的 sorrow 悲伤 narrow 窄的 pillow 枕头 arrow 箭 bold 勇敢的 cold 冷的 fold 折叠；褶 gold 金 hold 握 mold 模式 sold 卖出 told 告诉 migrant 移居者 immigrant 入境移民 immigrate 作为移民定居 immigration 移居；（总称）外来移民 emigrant 出境移民 emigrate 移居外国 emigration 迁移出境；（总称）移民 edge 边沿 hedge 矮树篱笆；障碍物 wedge 锲子；锲形物；事情的起因 pledge 誓言；典押；保人 deduce 推断；演绎 reduce 减少 produce 生产 induce 引诱；引起；导致；归纳 seduce 唆使；引入歧途 preclude 排除；杜绝；阻止 exclude 除外 include 包括 form 形式 deform 变形 inform 通知 transform 转变 conform 一致 contempt 轻视 attempt 企图 prompt 促使；推动；激起敏捷的 except 除…… accept 接受 concept 概念 percept 感知；认知 receive 收到 deceive 欺骗 conceive 含有 perceive 知觉；意识到；把……看作…… (perceive … as … / take … as … / regard … as … / see … as …) achieve 获得 believe 相信 grieve 悲痛 relieve 放松 lilac n. 浅紫色 antique violet n. 古紫色 pansy n. 紫罗兰色 white n. 白色 off-white n. 灰白色 ivory n. 象牙色 snowy white n. 雪白色 oyster white n. 乳白色 gray n. 灰色 charcoal gray n. 炭灰色 smoky gray n. 烟灰色 misty gray n. 雾灰色

	作者：121.27.120.* 2008-3-8 15:19 回复此发言

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