| 1 |
高考重点、热点动词短语辨析
|
|
1. add to：vt. increase 增加; add sth to sth 把……添加到……之中
The rise in electricity costs has added to our difficulties.
2. add up to = come to 合计（不可用进行时和被动态）同义词come to
These figures add up to 50. 这些数字总计为50。
3. act as vt. 担当（同义短语：serve as）
A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind person. 经过训练的狗可以给盲人当向导。
4. act on vt. 1、按照……行动
Acting on my doctor’s advice, I try to avoid taking more carbohydrates than the body needs.遵照医嘱，我尽量不摄取超过身体需要的碳水化合物。
2、（药等）对……起作用。
Does the medicine take long to act on the nerve centers?
这药过很长时间才对神经中枢起作用吗？
Act out:将……表演出来
The children started to act out the whole accident.
5. break away from vt. 1）挣脱（某人）；2）脱离（组织等），破除（思想体系，传统）
You must break away from the illegal group at once.
6. break down 1）vi. go wrong （机器、车轮）发生故障；
I’m sorry to arrive late, but my car broke down halfway.
2）fail vi.（计划、谈判等）失败；
The peace talks broke down without any agreement being reached.
和谈失败了，没有达成任何协议。
3） vi.（身体）垮了，感情失控；
I can’t have you breaking down in health. 我不能让你身体一天天垮下去。
4）vt.(化学)；分解divide划分
Every lesson is broken down into several units.每一课都分成几部分。
7. break up 1）vt / vi 击碎，破裂
Jim began to break the ice up on the frozen lake.
The ship broke up on the rocks. 船触礁破裂。
2）vt. 破坏（关系）；vi.（关系）破裂
What broke up their friendship ? Their marriage broke up.
3）vt. 驱散（人群）The police had to use force to break up the crowd.
8. break off 1）vt. end 断绝（关系）
The two countries have broken off diplomatic（外交）relations.
2）vt./vi. stop 停止（说话，工作）
We broke off（work）for a cup of coffee. 我们停下（工作），喝杯咖啡。
9. break out vi. （火灾、战争、争吵等）爆发，突然发生（不能用被动态）
10. break into vt. 1）enter by force 强行进入，破门而入
We found that the room had been broken into and everything stolen.
2）vt. 突然…起来 (同义) burst into
break into song / laughter / tears / cheers 突然唱（大笑，大哭，欢呼）起来
11. break in vi. 1）强行进入，非法进入；
A stranger broke in on the morning without knocking.
2）*interrupt 打断别人说话，插嘴。
She broke in with some suggestions of her own. 她插话，提出自己一些建议。
12. bring about：vt. cause 导致，引起。同义短语：lead to, result in, give rise to
She made various efforts to bring about a peaceful solution to the problem.
她作了多方努力，以促进和平解决那个问题。
13. bring up：vt. educate and care for（a child）抚养，教养（育）
I was born in Texas but brought up in Chicago.
We were brought up to be honest. 我们从小受到教育，做人要诚实。
14. bring in vt. 1）cause to come in, introduce 把…带进；引进
They brought in some experts to give them advice. 他们请来专家给他们作顾问。
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| 2 |
高考重点、热点动词短语辨析
|
|
2）earn 赚得，获利。
The sale brought in over &200. 这次销售赚了200多英镑。
15.bring out vt. 1)显示，使。。。得到充分发挥；使……变得明显或衬托
The increased responsibility brought out her best qualities.
她担子重了，这就使她身上的优点得以发挥。
He generally wears a pale blue tie to bring out the colour of his eyes.
他通常结一条淡兰色领带，以衬托眼睛的颜色。
2）阐明，解释
The speakers brought out the important aspects of the problem.
16. burst out doing；burst into + n 突然…起来
We burst out laughing at the sight of the funny expression on his face.
17. care for vt. 1）like 喜欢
I don’t really care for tea, I like coffee better.
2）look after, take care of 照料
I’m glad to see that you are being well cared for.
3）关心 同义：be concerned with；care about
A novelist isn’t concerned with other people’s attitude to his work.
小说家并不关心别人对他作品的态度。
18. call for vt. 1）need 需要，要求。 This kind of work calls for care and patience.
2)邀约，去接Shall I call for you at 6?
19. call on sb. = visit sb. 拜访某人；call on sb. to do 号召或要求某人做某事
20. call at（地方）拜访 Do you think I should call at Bob’s home while we are in Paris ?
21. call sb. in 请某人来（帮助）Police have been called in to help find the missing boy.
22.call off vt. Cancel 取消
The football match was called off because of the snow. 由于下雪，足球比赛取消了
23. call sb. up 1）给某人打电话，同义：telephone sb., give sb. a call
call sth. up 使回忆起 比较remind sb. of sth.
This song calls up the memories of my childhood. 这支歌引起我对童年的回忆。
24. call sb. back 给某人回电话 同义：ring sb. back ； return one’s call
25. carry out vt. perform 实施（计划），履行（义务，职责），进行（实验、手术等）
This plan should be carried out immediately.
I expect you to carry out your duties.
26. carry on（with）sth ；carry on doing：continue 继续下去
Don’t stop——carry on, everyone!
Even after the music started, they still carried on talking.
27. check in at the hotel 在旅馆登记住宿
check out of the hotel 结账后离开旅馆
check a book out of the library 登记从图书馆借出一本书
28. clear up 1）vi. 天空放晴 The sky cleared up soon after the rain.
2）vt./ vi. put…in order 收拾，整理
Don’t expect me to clear up（your things）after you all the time.
3）vt. 澄清，解释clear up one’s view 澄清(对…..的看法,观点等)
29. catch up with 赶上 （比较）keep up with或keep pace with 跟上，与…并驾齐驱
30. come about vi. 发生，同义：happen, occur How did the accident come about ?
31. come across （无意中）碰见，发现，同义：run across, run into
I came across some old books of much value while clearing up my room.
32. come along 跟我（我们）来
Come along. I will show you to your room.
33. come out 1）become known 真相大白，（本性）显露
It was several weeks before the truth of the matter came out.
几个星期后事情的真相才清楚。
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| 3 |
高考重点、热点动词短语辨析
|
|
2）be published 出版
When will the book by Mr Li come out ?
34. come up 1）come up to sb. 来到某人跟前 2）be raised 被提出
Your problem came up at the meeting. 你的问题已在会议上提出来讨论了。
35. come up with vt. think of 想出，提出（计划，方法等）
The airline came up with a solution of jet-lag.
这家航空公司想出了一个办法来解决乘客长途飞机后因时差引起的生理失调问题。
36. come to 1）来到；2）come to（oneself）苏醒；3）谈到，涉及到
When it comes to tennis, you can’t beat him. 谈到打网球，他是赢不了他的。
37. come on（催促，激励对方用语）快点，来吧等。
Come on! We are going to be late.
Come on! Try it once again.
38. cut down vt. 1）砍伐（树木）
Cutting down trees will do much damage to the environment.
2）reduce 减少
Cut down（on）the cost of living by 20%
39. cut off 1）切掉，剪掉
Her finger was cut off in an accident. 在一次事故中，她的手指被切掉。
2）切断（电力、煤气、某人通话等）
We were cut off in the middle of our conversation.我们正在通话，电话断了。
3）separate 将…隔绝（离）开来 be cut off from 与…隔绝，与…中断联系
He was cut off from all his friends while studying abroad.
40. contribute to 1)，捐献；为……作出贡献。vt;vi contribute (sth) to/ towards sth
We should make a positive contributions to building the new socialist countryside.
2）help to cause 有助于，导致
Various factors contributed to his downfall. 多种因素促使他下台。
3）为…投稿
She contributes to China Daily regularly.
41.dip into: 1) vt./vi.（把）……浸入（伸入）……之中 2）浏览（书等）。同义look through
I have formed the habit of dipping into evening newspapers after dinner.
42. drop out vi. 退出，退学
Hold on! Don’t drop out of the game halfway!
坚持住！千万不要中途退出比赛。
43. get away vi. 1) escape 逃走
The thief got away with all the money.
2)leave 离开 get away with sth/doing sth做了（坏事）而未受到惩罚
Don’t try to cheat our teacher; you will never get away with it.
44. get around 1）同get about（尤指病人）走动；各地旅行
The patient is getting around. 那个病人又开始到处走动。
2）（谣言等）传开
The news of his father’s sudden death got around quickly.
45. get out of vt. 逃避（责任等）
I will see if I can get out of tomorrow’s meeting.
46. get along vi. 1）progress 进展，进行
How is your work getting along ? = How are you getting along with your work ?
2）get along with sb 与某人相处
He is easy to get along with. 他平易近人。
47. get on vt. / vi. 登上（火车、汽车、飞机），骑上（自行车，马）；
（反）get off vt. / vi. 从（车，飞机，马等）下来
48. get over vt. (1)从（疾病，震惊，失望等）中恢复过来。
Sooner or later you will get over the shock.
（2）克服，战胜（困难、偏见等）。
How shall we get over this difficulty.?
49. get through 1）vt. 通过（地方） 同pass through, go through
2）vt. / vi. 通过（法律，考试）（用主动态）
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| 4 |
高考重点、热点动词短语辨析
|
|
The law succeeded in getting through. I am afraid I can’t get through the exam.
3）vt. finish 完成
When you get through（with）your work, let’s go out.
4）vi. 接通电话
I couldn’t get through to my mother yesterday. 昨天我给我母亲电话没有接通。
50. get down to sth. / doing sth. 静下心，认真…
It is difficult to get down to work after a nice holiday.
51. get together vi. 聚会，相聚
When can we get together for a chat ? 我们何时能聚在一起聊聊天 ？
52. give away vt. 1）捐献，捐赠
She gave away all her money to the poor.
2）泄露（秘密）
He made me promise not to give away where it was hidden.
53. give up vt. 1）放弃 2）give up one’s seat to sb. 把座位让给某人
54. give off：vt. send out 散放出（光，热，气味等）
The sun gives off light and heat, making us live on the earth.
The polluted river gives off a terrible smell.
55. give out vt. 1）hand out 分发
Give out / Hand out the money to the children.
2）announce 宣布，公布
The date of election will be given out soon.
vi. 1）be used up 用完，耗尽
Our supply of sugar has given out. My strength gave out. 我用尽了力气。
2）be worn / tired out 精疲力竭
The runner gave out in the middle of the race.
56. give in（to sb. / sth.）向…屈服，对…作出让步。同义词 give way to
The company had to give way to the workers, demand.
57. go ahead：begin 用于催促对方或表示许可
Go ahead, we are listening. 说吧，我们听着呢。
A：Do you mind if I smoke ? B：No, go ahead.
58. go in for 1）take part in 参加（比赛，测验等） 2）爱好
go against违背，违反
He will not go against his father’s will
go for 1)try to obtain争取得到 2）hold true of 适用于
Smith is going for a gold medal at the Olympics.
They have a high level of unemployment-----but the same goes for many other countries.
go in for a competition. I don’t go in for sports.
59. go over vt. 1）check 审查（核） 2）review 复习
We went over the accounts（帐目）and couldn’t find any mistakes.
60. go through 1）suffer, experience 遭受，经历
No other country in Europe went through more wars than England.
2）仔细检查、审查 同义go over
3）通过（法律，考试）同义 get through
61. go with 与…相配 / 相协调 同义：match
I want to buy a new tie to go with this suit.
62. go off vi. 1) explode 爆炸 Don’t touch that unexploded bomb; it might go off.
2） ring （铃）响 The alarm went off when the thief got in.
63. go on vi. 1) 继续 go on with sth; go on doing sth
2) (时间)逝去，推移 As the days went on, it grew colder.
go on trial 在法庭上受审
64. hand down …（to） = pass on …（to）把…传给后代
This ring has been handed down in my family for generations.
这个戒指已在我家传了几代人。
65. hand in：give by hand 上交，提交
Please hand in your papers at the end of the exam.
66. hand over（to） 1）把…送交 2）移交（权力，责任等）
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| 6 |
高考重点、热点动词短语辨析
|
|
Jack has put on so much weight that I’ve had to let out all his trousers.
Jack长胖了许多，我不得不把他所有的裤子放大。
78. live up to 1）遵守（诺言，原则）
You should live up to（keep）your promise.
2）不辜负
I will live up to what you expect of me. 我不会辜负你对我的期望。
3）be worthy of 与…相符
He lives up to the name of an excellent teacher. 他是个名副其实的优秀教师。
79. look after 照料，同：care for, take care of, see to
80. look back 1）回头看 vi.
2）look back on / to vt. 回顾，回忆
Look back on one’s childhood with joy. 怀着喜悦的心情回忆童年时代。
81. look down 1）向下看 vi. 2）look down on vt. 轻视，看不起
He looked down at the valley below and was frightened to death.
Don’t look down on her because she is poor.
82. look into vt. 1）朝…里面看 look into a room 向房间里窥视
2）go into, investigate 调查，了解
look into the cause of the accident 调查事故的原因
83. look for 寻找，同义：search for, hunt for, seek for / after
84. look through 1）透…看
She looked through the window into the room, but could see nothing.
2）dip into（从头到尾）浏览，翻阅
I have formed the habit of looking through evening papers before going to bed.
85. look out vi. 1）向外看 Don’t look out of the window.
2）当心，提防 Look out ! There is a car coming.
Look out for cars while crossing the road.
86. look up 1）vi. 抬头看 2）vt. find information 查阅
Look up the word in the dictionary. Look up one’s number in the telephone book.
比较：refer to / turn to the dictionary（the telephone book）查字典（电话簿）
87. make it 1）succeed 成功 2）arrive in time 按时到达某处 3）设法安排
88.make for vt.1）向……方向前进；冲向
The audience made for the exits when alarm sounded.警铃响起，观众奔向出口。
2）有助于；促进
Cultural exchange made for better understanding. 文化交流促进了互相了解。
89. make out 1）vt.（勉强）辨认出，看清楚
Can you make out who the figure（人影）is in the darkness.
2）understand vt. 理解，明白
To the present day I can’t make out why I did so.
90. make up 1）form 组成，构成 be made up of 由…组成
Farming makes up 70% of the country’s industry. 农业构成该国产业的70%。
2）虚构，捏造
Are you telling the truth or making up lies.
3）化装，打扮
She never goes out without making herself up.
4）弥补，补偿 同：make up for take a make-up 补考
We must double our efforts to make up for lost time.
91. make sense 1）讲得通；2）有道理，合乎情理；make sense of: understand 理解，弄懂
No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn’t make sense to me.
不管我怎么念，我还是不懂这个句子的意思。
It makes sense to take care of your health. 注意身体健康是明智的。
I can’t make sense of the poem.
92. occur to：come to one’s mind 被想起
It suddenly occurred to me (struck me) that we could use a computer to do the job.
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| 7 |
高考重点、热点动词短语辨析
|
|
我突然想到我们可以用电脑来做这项工作。
93. pick up 1）vt. 拾起，捡起
She picked up a stone and threw it at the window.
2）给（某人）搭车; 同义：give sb. a lift / ride
It is thoughtful of you to stop your car to pick up a sick woman by the roadside.
3）get, learn（无意中）得到，发现，学会
He picked up French while staying in Paris.
4）go and get 去取某物；去接某人
I’m going to pick up my coat from the cleaner’s shop.
5）receive 收听
We picked up radio signals for help from the damaged plane.
6）improve （健康）恢复；（情况，事态）转好 vi.
I believe things will pick up soon. 我相信情况很快转好的。
Trade usually picks up in spring. 贸易一般在春天回升。
94. pick out：choose carefully 精心挑选
It took Mary a long time to pick out a new suit at the store.
See if you can pick me out in the photo.
95. pull down vt. 1）拉下；2）拆除（建筑物）
They are pulling down those houses to make room for a new airport.
为了造新机场，他们正在拆除那些房子。
96. pull in vi. （列车等）进站，pull out 出站
The train is due to pull into the station at 6:30 p.m. and pull out of it in ten minutes.
这列火车定于下午6：30进站，十分钟后离站。
pull off vt. & vi; pull over vi. 把车暂停在路边
The policeman signed me to pull over.
97. put away vt. 1）把…收起来，把…放回原处
Put the books away in the bookshelf after finishing reading them.
2）save（money）for later use 积攒、储蓄；同义短语：set aside
She has put away / set aside a sum of money in the bank for his old age.
他在银行存了一笔钱作为防老之用。
put off sb. 令某人反感
She is clever, but her manner tends to put people off.
98. put down vt. 1）放下；2）write down 写下；3）bring… under control 镇压
Put me down at the next bus stop, please. 请让我在下一站下车。
Let me put down your telephone number. put down a riot（暴乱）
99. put off sth. / doing sth. delay 推迟
Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
100. put out vt. 扑灭，使熄灭 （比较）go out vi. （火、灯）熄灭
It took them six hours to put out the fire.
The fire had gone out when we arrived at the scene.
101. put on vt. 1）（点动作）穿上，戴上，（反）脱下 take off, throw off
Put on your coat / glasses before you go out.
2）perform 上演，表演
They are putting on a concert to raise money for rebuilding the flood-stricken areas.
他们正在举办音乐会为重建洪灾区集资。
put on weight 体重增加，发胖 put on air of importance 装出一副神气的样子
102. put up 1）raise 举起 Those who have questions please put up your hands.
2）build 建造，搭起 Put up a dam. Put up a tent.
3）张贴Put up a notice.
（比较） Put a notice / advertisement in the newspaper. 在报上登通知/ 广告。
4）stay 投宿
Shall we put up at this hotel for the night ?
put up with：stand, bear 忍受，忍耐
I can’t put up with his rudeness any more. 我不能忍受他的无礼态度。
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| 8 |
高考重点、热点动词短语辨析
|
|
103. put sb. to trouble = give / cause sb. trouble 给某人添麻烦
put an end to = end vt. 结束…
104. refer to vt. 1）指的是；Does this remark refer to me ?
2）mention, speak of 提到；
I think it is better not to refer to the matter again.
is called
Shanghai is known as the financial center of China. 上海被称作中国的金融中心。
is referred to as
3）look at for information 查阅，参考
Let me refer to my notes to find the exact figure. 让我查一下笔记，找到准确数字。
105. run after vt. 追，追逐
Don’t bother to run after the bus. You will never catch it.
106. run into vt. 1）（无意中）遇到，同义短语：come across ；run across
2）hit 猛撞在…上，同义短语：knock into
He lost control of his bike and ran into a tree.
107. run out of：vt. use up 用光，耗尽 （比）run out vi. （物）用光，耗尽
We have run out of sugar. Our sugar has run out.（主动态）
run over 1）（液体）溢出，流出 2） （车）从……碾过
Two children were run over and killed.
run to :come to （数量）达到
The book runs to nearly 800 pages.
108. see to 1）make sure 务必做到，确保
I will see to it that she gets home safely. 我一定会使她安全到家。
2）deal with 处理（某物）；look after 照顾（某人）
Today I have much to see to. Will you see to that customer ?
109. send for sb. 派人去请某人 send for sth. 派人去拿或叫
Send for Doctor Li at once. I will send for a taxi. 我来差人去叫出租车。
110. serve as：be used as 当作…使用
When you sleep in the open air, old newspapers can serve as a blanket.
111. set about sth. / doing sth 着手做某事
112. set off 1）vi. 出发 When will you set off for shanghai / on a trip to shanghai.
2）cause to explode 使…爆炸，燃放（烟花等）
The bomb could be set off by the slightest vibration（震动）.
They set off the fireworks as soon as it got dark.
3) vt. 激发，引起
Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling. 股市恐慌引发了一轮抛售潮。
113. set out 1)vi.出发
2) vi.开始或着手做某事 set out on(in) sth; set out to do sth
Setting out in business is no easy job. 经商伊始事业不容易。
3）vt. 陈述；阐明（理由等）
set out one’s arguments in detail. 详细陈述自己的观点
114. show off vt./ vi. 炫耀，卖弄
I wish that you would stop showing off（yourself）in public.
115. show sb. around 陪同某人参观…
I feel it a great honour to show you around our city.
116. stand by 1）vt. support 支持（某人） 2）vi. 袖手旁观
Please remember I will stand by you whatever happens.
How can you stand by and do nothing when she needs help.
117. stand for：be a sign of 代表，为…缩写
GNP stands for gross national product. GNP代表国民生产总值。
118. stick to + n 坚持（原则，真理等）；信守（诺言、原则）
I have made my promise and I will stick to it.
I wish you to stick to principles.
119. take on vt. 1）begin to have呈现，露出
His face took on a worried expression. 他的脸露出担忧的表情。
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| 9 |
高考重点、热点动词短语辨析
|
|
2）accept 承担（工作，责任等）
My doctor says I’m too tired and has advised me not to take on any more work.
3）雇用，同义：hire, employ
反义：解雇 fire, lay sb off My father is a laid-off worker.
120. take off 1）vt. remove 脱下，摘下 （比）throw off 急忙脱下
2）vi.1）（飞机等）起飞；2）开始成名，开市走红 近义词：be around
It was at this point that her acting career really took off.
正是在这时她的表演生涯开始走红。
121. take sb. / sth. away（from + 地方）：remove 带走，拿走
You aren’t permitted to take these books away from the library.
take over 1) 接替，接管，接收vt. &vi.
They have taken over our firm by buying up shares.
2) 占上风，取而代之 vi.
Try not to let negative thoughts take over.
122. take up vt. 1）begin to spend time doing 开始从事，开始对……产生兴趣或开始学习
John took up acting / French when he was at college.
约翰在上大学时开始喜欢上表演 / 开始学习法语。
2）use 占用（空间或时间）
You take up too much room. The job took up most of Sunday.
123. take in 1）吸收（空气、水等）；理解，领会
It took me a long time to take in what you were saying.
2）cheat 欺骗
Don’t be taken in by his promise. 不要被他的许诺所蒙骗。
124. tear oneself away from 依依不舍地离开
He had to tear himself away from the party in order to catch the last bus home.
can’t tear away from sth. 对… 爱不释手
The book is so interesting that I can’t tear myself away from it.
125. turn away 将……拒之门外；解雇，辞退。
The hall was full, and many fans had to be turned away.
126. turn on the（light, gas, water, radio）打开（电灯，煤气，自来水，收音机等）
turn off 关掉；同义短语：shut off
turn down vt. 1）调低 ；2）refuse 拒绝
Please turn down the music. Father is reading.
Jim offered to marry her, but she turned him down politely.
127. turn up 1）调高 vt. Turn up the TV. I can’t hear it.
2）arrive, appear 来到，出现 vi.
We thought he had been killed, but he turned up safe and sound.
我们以为他已遇害，但他却安然无恙出现了。
128. turn out 1）蜂拥而出
Crowds of people turned out for shows. 大群人出来看演出。
2）生产，制造，培养
The factory can turn out 100 cars a day.
3）结果是，原来是
The party turned out（to be）a success. 或 It turned out that the party was a success.
晚会结果办得很成功。
129. turn to 1）转向2）go to…for help etc. 求助于 turn to sb. for sth.
I can’t tell my parents about it; I don’t know who to turn to.
我不能跟我父母说这件事，我不知该求谁。
130. turn over 1）vt. think about carefully 反复考虑
I have turned over the problem in my mind for a long time.
这个问题我已反复考虑了很长时间。
2）vt. 把…掀翻；vi. 翻车； （人）turn over 翻身
turn over in bed from side to side. 在床上翻来覆去。
A big wave turned over the boat.
While making a sharp turn, the car turned over.
131. turn into = change into 变成 Water turned into ice when it freezes.
132. win sb. / sth. back：（通过努力，奋争）赢回，重新得到
How can I win back her love / their support ?
我怎么才能重新得到她的爱（他们的支持）？
133. win sb. over（to sth.）：gain the support of sb. by persuading （通过说服）把…争取过来
We tried to win him over to our view. 我们试图说服他接受我们观点。
134. work out 1）vt. 计算出
Have you worked out the answer ? Try to work out how much it will cost ?
2）vi. 产生结果，结果是
I wonder how their idea worked out in practice ?
我想知道他们的想法实践中取得了什么结果。
3）详细拟定（计划、方案、细节等）近义：make, draw up
work out a program 制定一个方案 work out a plan 拟定一个计划
135. work at / on give one’s attention to doing 致力于，从事于
I am working on a new book. = I’m writing a book.
He still isn’t good at English, but he is working at it. = He is learning it hard.
|
|
|
|
|
| |
