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1楼 考研英语新增词汇 A abdomen n. 腹（部） abound vi. 充满（with, in）。 accord vt. vi. 给予 相一致（with） accountant n. 会计师；会计 acrobat n. 立场观点变化无常的人 addict vt. n. 1. 使沉溺，使人迷，使醉心 2. 使吸毒成瘾 有瘾的人；入迷的人 adore vt. 崇拜；敬慕；崇敬 advent n. [a-] (事件、时期等的) 出现，到来 affluent adj. n. 1. 畅流的 2. 丰富的；富饶的；富裕的 1. 支流 2. 富裕的人 air-conditioning n. 空气调节；空调系统；空调设备 aisle n. (教堂、戏院等的) 过道，走廊 album n. 1.唱片套 2.专辑 anecdote n. [复] ~s或 anecdota 轶事 anguish n. vt. & vi. 极度的痛苦；悲痛；（身体上的）剧痛 （使）感到极度痛苦 arrogant adj. 骄傲自大的，傲慢的 artery n. 1. [解]动脉 2. 干线；要道 aspire vi. 渴望；追求；有志于 (for, to, after) assassinate vt. 暗杀 asset n. 1.财产 2.资产 auction n. vt. 拍卖 拍卖 audio adj. 音频的 audit n. vt. vi. 查账，审计 旁听 审计，查账 auditorium n. 会堂，礼堂 authentic adj. 1. 可靠的，可信的 2. 真的 awe n. 畏惧；敬畏；惊奇，惊叹 B balcony n. 阳台 ballot n. vi. 选票 投票 banquet n. 宴会；盛宴 barbecue n. vt. (尤指在野外吃烤肉的)社交聚会 1. 整烤（牛、羊等） 2.（尤指在户外）烤（肉、鱼等） barren adj. 1.荒芜的，不毛的 2.没有的，缺乏的；空的（of） belly n. 肚，腹，腹部；腹腔 benign adj. 1.宽厚的 2.温和的，宜人的 3.（肿瘤等）良性的 beverage n. 饮料 blackmail n. vt. 敲诈；勒索 胁迫 blouse vt. 松垂 boost vt. 1.推动；增加 2. 为…作广告；宣扬 bureaucracy n. 官僚 burglar n. 窃贼 C cab n. 出租汽车 calcium n. 钙 calorie n. 卡（路里） carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物 cardinal adj. n. 主要的，基本的 深红色 caress n. 1. 爱抚 2.轻抚 cater vi. 满足；迎合，投合（for , to） cemetery n. 公墓；墓地 cereal n. 谷物 chef n. 厨师 clergy n. 牧师；教士 click vt. 单击，点按（鼠标） clone vi. 1.无性繁殖，克隆 2. 复制 closet n. adj. 壁橱，碗橱，衣橱 1. 私下的，隐蔽的，秘密的 2. 专搞理论的，闭门造车的，空谈的 coalition n. 结合，联合 cocaine n. 可卡因 cohesive adj. 粘合（或聚合）在一起的；有凝聚力的 comic adj. 1. 喜剧的 2. 滑稽的，好笑的 3. 连环漫画的 compassion n. 同情；怜悯 composite adj. vt. 混合成的；综合的 混合；复合；综合 concede vi. 1. 让步 2. 认输 consecutive adj. 1.连续的 2.连贯的 console vt. 安慰，抚慰；慰问 conspiracy n. 1. 阴谋，密谋 2.共谋 constrain n. 1. 强逼，强制 2. 限制，抑制 3. 拘束，紧张感 construction n. 1. 建造，建筑；建设 2. 结构；[语]句法结构；词的配列 3. 解释意义 contemplate vt. vi. 1. 注视，凝视 2. 沉思 3. 期待；预料；反复打算 反复思忖，沉思默想 controversy n. 争论，论战；争吵，争辩 cop n. vt. 警察 抓住，捕获；逮住；获得 copyright n. 版权，著作权 costume n. 服装 cosy adj. 安逸的，舒适的。 coupon n. 1. 赠券 2. 票证 courtyard n. 院子，庭院。 credentials adj. n. 证明可信的，证明可靠的 [常作~s] 证明书；毕业证书，文凭；（大使的）国书 cruise vt. n. 漫游于；巡航于；漫行于 （乘游轮的）漫游；巡游；漫行 cyberspace n. 网络空间，虚拟空间。 D damn vt. 1. 诅咒 2. 指责 data n. datum 的复数 database n. 数据库 dean n. 系主任 |
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2楼 delegate n. 代表 denounce n. 公开指责，公然抨击，谴责 dental adj. 牙齿的；牙科的 dilute vt. 1. 冲淡；稀释 2. 削弱；降低 discourse n. vi. 1. 讲话，演讲 2. 交谈，谈话 3. 论文 演讲；论述；著述（upon, on, of） discreet adj. 谨慎的 discrepancy n. 差异；不一致 disposition n. 1. 性格，性情 2. 倾向，意向 disrupt vt. 1. 使分裂；使瓦解 2. 扰乱，破坏；使中断 dissipate vt. 1. 驱散，消散 2. 浪费，挥霍；消耗 distill vt. 提取…的精华；净化；浓缩 divert vt. 转移，转移…的注意力 dividend n. 红利股息；股利 divine adj. 1. 神的，上帝的 2. 神圣的 3. 非凡的，如神的 E ebb n. & vi. 1. 退潮 2. 低落；衰退 eccentric adj. （人、行为等）古怪的；异乎寻常的 ego n. 自我，自己 elapse vi. （时间）过去，消逝 eligible adj. 1. 合格的（for） 2. 合适的，适宜的 embed vt. vi. 1. 埋置；把…嵌入（或插入）；扎牢 2. 使深留脑中 嵌入 eminent adj. 著名的（指某人在世时的名誉，如死后仍出名，不能用eminent , 应用famous） endow vt. 1. 损献；资助；捐赠基金给（人、组织等）； 2. 给予；赋予；认为 …具有某种特质 entail vt. 1. 需要，必需；使人承担 2. 把…给予（on）；使永远处于 entity n. 1. 实体，独立存在体；统一体 2.（与属性等区别的）本质 entrepreneur n. 企业家；创业者 escalate vi. vt. （像自动扶梯式地）逐步上升；逐步增强（或扩大）；（战争等）逐步升级 使逐步上升；使逐步增强（或扩大）；使（战争等）逐步升级 escort vt. 护送；陪同 esteem vt. 1. 尊重；珍重 2. 把…看作，认为 ethnic adj. 种族（上的） evacuate vt. 疏散（居民）；撤离 evade vt. 回避；规避 evoke vt. 引起；唤起 excel vt. 胜过；优于 excerpt n. vt. 摘录，选录，节选 摘，选；引用（from） exempt vt. adj. 免除，豁免（from） 被免除（义务等的），被豁免的（from） exile vt. 流放，放逐；使离乡背井 exotic adj. 1. 外（国）来的；2. 异乎寻常的；奇异的 exquisite adj. 精美的；精致的 F fabulous adj. 惊人的，难以置信的 fairy n. 仙人 fake n. adj. 假货，赝品；捏造的报道，虚构的故事 假的，伪造的；冒充的 fantasy n. vt. adj. 想像；幻想 想象；幻想 假想的，虚幻的 feat n. 1. 功绩, 业绩 2. 武艺；技艺 federation n. 同盟，联盟；联合会；联邦 fisherman n. 1. 渔民，渔夫 2. 渔船 fore adj. 1. 先时的，先前的 2. 在前（部）的 formidable adj. 1. 可怕的 2. 难对付的，难克服的 foster vt. adj. 1. 养育，抚育；收养，；照料2. 培养，鼓励；促进 3. 抱（希望等） 收养的 foul adj. vt. vi. 1. 难闻的，恶臭的2. 肮脏的 3. 罪恶的 弄脏，污染；玷污，败坏 1.（管道等）阻塞 2. 比赛时犯规 fragile adj. 1. 易碎的，损坏的 2. 脆弱的；虚弱的 fraud n. 欺骗；诈骗 fridge / refrigerator n. 电冰箱 fringe n. 1. 边缘，外围 2. 初级知识；次要事物 fume n. 1.（浓烈或难闻的）烟，气 2. 愤怒；狂怒 futile adj. 无益的，无效的，无用的 G garlic n. 大蒜 gauge n. vt. 1. 标准尺寸，标准规格 2. 测量仪器（或仪表） 测量；测定 gender n. 性 genetic adj. 1. 创始的；发生的 2. 遗传学的 glamour n. 魅力，诱惑力 gorgeous adj. 华丽的 gown n. (表示职位、职业或身份的）长袍，长外衣 graphic adj. 1. 图的；图示的 2. 生动的 graze vi. 1.（牛羊等）吃草；放牧 2. 吃零食（代替正餐） grief n. 悲痛；伤心事 |
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3楼 grin vi. 1. 露齿而笑 2. 因痛苦而咧嘴；（因愤恨）龇牙咧嘴 grope vi. 探索（for, after） guideline n. 指导方针；准则 guitar n. 吉他 gut n. adj. 内部的主要部分；本质，实质 1. 极其重要的；主要的 2. 直觉的3. 容易的；简单的 H habitat n. 1. 栖息地；生境 2. 产地 harassment n. 折磨；骚扰 harsh adj. 1. 粗糙的 2.（光）刺目的 3. 严厉的；苛刻的 hay n. 干草 heave vt. 1. 用力举起，提起 2. 使胀起，使鼓起；使起伏 herb n. 1. 草本植物 2. 草；香草 hike vi. vt. n. 1. 徒步旅行；长途步行 2. 上提，上升(up) 1. 拉起，使升起 2. 提高，抬高（价格等）； 1. 徒步旅行 2. 提高，增加 hip n. 1. 臀部；髋，髋部 2. （昆虫的）基节 3.屋脊 hop vi. 1. (人)单足跳；（蛙、鸟等）齐足跳；弹跳 2. 跳舞 3. [口]跳跃般地移动；快速行走；走开；去 4. （尤指乘飞机）作短途旅行 hound n. vt. 猎狗 追逐 housework n. 家务劳动 housing n. 1. 住房供给；住房建造2. 总称房屋，住房 3. 遮蔽物；遮盖物 hover vi. 1. 盘旋（over, about） 2. 彷徨，犹豫 howl n. vi. 号叫 风寒怒号，呼啸 huddle vi. vt. n. 1. 挤作一团；聚在一起（together） 2.（暗中）商量 1. 草率地做完一件工作 2. 紧包，紧围 1. 杂乱的一团，一堆，一群 2. 混乱 3. 秘密的会议，暗中商量 hum vt. 哼（歌） humiliate vt. 羞辱 hurl vt. 猛投，猛掷 hurricane n. 飓风 hypocrisy n. 伪善，虚伪 I identity n. 1. 同一（性）；一致 2. 身份；个性特性3. 同一物 ideology n. 1. 思想（体系）；思想意识 2. 思想方式；意识形态 idiot n. 白痴 illusion n. 错觉，幻觉 impart vt. 1. 传授 2. 告知；透露 imperative adj. 1. 必要的；紧急的；迫切的 2. 命令（式）的；强制的；专横的 imperial adj. 帝国的 incentive n. 刺激；鼓励；动机 indulge vt. vi. 使自己沉溺于 沉溺 infect vt.. 1. 传染； 2. 影响；感染 inference n. 推论，推理，推断 infrastructure n. （社会、国家等的）基础结构，基础设施（如教育、运输、通讯等设施） inhale vt. 吸入 inhibit vt. 1. 禁止，阻止2. 抑制，约束 installment n. 1. 分期付款 2.（分期连载的）部分 instrumental adj. 有帮助的，起作用的 intensity n. 1.强烈，剧烈；紧张；极度 2. 强度，强烈 intensive adj. 加强的；集中的；深入细致的 interface n. 界面，分界面 interim adj. 暂时的，临时的 internet n. 因特网 ；互联网 intersection n. 交点；十字路口 intimidate vt. 恐吓，威胁 intrigue n. vt. 吸引力 引起…的兴趣（或好奇心） intrinsic adj. 内在的；固有的；本质的 intrude vi. 侵入；闯入；打扰 inventory n. 1. 存货 2. 细账 inverse adj. n. 相反的 1. 反面 2. 相反的事物 irony n. 1.冷嘲，反语 2.具有讽刺意味的事 isle n. 小岛 J jeans n. 牛仔裤 judicial adj. 1. 司法的；审判的 2. 公正的 jug n. （有柄有嘴的）壶 jungle n. 1. 丛林，密林 2. 杂乱的一堆；错综复杂的事物。 junk n. 破烂；乌七八糟的东西 juvenile adj. 1. 少年的 2. 幼稚的 K kin n. adj. [总称]家属；亲属 有亲属关系的（to） kit n. vt.& vi. 1. 成套工具（或用品、物件、器材）2. 工具袋；用具包；用品箱 装备（out, up） L lapse n. 1. 失误，小错2. 减少；（气温、气压等的）跌落，下降；（信心等）丧失 3. （时间的）流逝；间隔 laptop adj. n. 放在膝上使用方便的 便携机 lash n. 责骂；讽刺；尖锐的话，严厉的批评 |
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4楼 layoff n. 解雇 lease vt. n. 出租 1. 租约，租契 2. 租赁期限 3. 租借权 legacy n. 遗产 legislation n. 1. 立法 2. 法规，法律 legitimate adj. 1. 合法的 2. 合乎常规的 linear adj. 直线的 linguistic adj. 语言的；语言学的 literacy n. 识字，有文化；读写能力 litter vt. vi. 乱扔 乱扔废物 lofty adj. 1. 高耸的；极高的 2. 崇高的，高尚的 loom n. vt. vi. 1. 织机；织造术 2. 隐隐呈现的形象 在织机上织 1. 隐隐呈现 2. 赫然耸现； lottery n. 1. 抽彩给奖法；抽签法2. 碰巧的事，难以算计的事 lure n. vt. 诱惑（物）；吸引力，魅力 引诱，诱惑；吸引 M magistrate n. 1. 地方行政官，执法官2. 文职官员 3. 地方法官 maiden adj. 初次的 majesty n. 雄伟，壮丽；庄严；崇高 malignant adj. 1. 有害的 2.恶性的 mammal n. 哺乳动物 manoeuvre /maneuver n. vt. 策略 1. 调动 2. 设法 march vi. 前进，行进，进军 marital adj. 婚姻的 masculine adj. 男性的；男子气概的 massacre n. 大屠杀；残杀 meadow n. 草地；牧场 medieval adj. 1. 中世纪的 2. 古老的；过时的 meditate vi. 深思，沉思；冥想（on, upon） meditation n. 1. 深思，沉思 2. [常作~s ] 沉思录 melody n. 美妙的音乐 memo n. 备忘录 menace vt. 威胁，恐吓；危及 merely adv. 仅仅，只不过 merge vt. vi. 合并 合并；结合 metaphor n. 隐喻; 比喻说法 metropolitan adj. 大城市的 militant adj. 富于战斗性的；激进的；积极行动的 millionaire n. 百万富翁；巨富 mingle vi. 1. 混合起来，相混合 2. 相交往（with） missionary adj. 教会的；传教的 mob n. 暴民，乱民；乌合之众 module n. 1. 模块；组件，部件 2. 单元 momentum n. 1. 势头；动力 2. 契机 monarch n. 1. 君主；最高统治者 2. 王，大王 motel n. (附有停车场设施的)汽车旅馆 motivate vt. 使有动机；推动；激发 mould / mold n. vt. 模子，模型，模具 塑造；使成形，把…塑造成（into） mug vt. 对…行凶抢劫 N napkin n. 餐巾；小毛巾 narrative n. 记事；叙述 necklace n. 项链 nightmare n. 恶梦 norm n. 标准，规范；规则 numerical adj. 数字的 nurture vt. 养育，培育 O obsession n. 着迷，困扰 obstruct vt. 阻挡，阻止，阻碍 optimum adj. 最适宜的，最佳的 opt vi. 作出抉择，选择 option n. 选择 outing n. 外出，旅行，散步 outrage n. 1. 暴行 2. 冒犯 3. 义愤，愤慨 oval adj. 椭圆形的 overturn vt. 1. 打翻 2. 推翻；颠覆；毁灭；废除；使无效 oxide n. 氧化物 P pact n. 协定，契约；公约；盟约 panorama n. 全貌 pants n. 裤子 paperback n. 纸面本，平装本 passerby n. 过路人 pathetic adj. 1. 悲哀的；微弱的 2. 影响情感的，3. 乏味的 patrol n. vt.& vi. 巡逻，巡查 巡逻，巡查 pedestrian adj. n. 缺乏想象力的；平淡无奇的 步行者，行人 peer vi. n. vi. 费力地看（at, into） 同等地位的；同辈；同事；同龄人 地位相等，相匹敌 permeate vt. 1. 渗入，渗透 2. 充满 persevere vi. 坚持不懈；锲而不舍（in, at, with） pharmacy n. 药房，药店 pilgrim n. vi. 朝圣者 漫游；去朝圣 plea n. 1. 托词，借口 2. 请求 plight n. 困境，苦境 plumber n. 水暖工，管子工 poke vt. vi. (用棍棒等)戳，刺，桶 探问，搜索；干涉；介入 polar adj. 1. 极地的 2.（性质等）正好相反的；截然对立的 ponder vi. 默想，沉思（on, over） pope n. （天主教）教皇，罗马主教 portray vt. 描绘，描述，描写 |
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5楼 practitioner n. 1. 开业者（尤指医生、律师等） 2. 从事者，实践者 precedent n. adj. 1. 先例，前例；判例 2. 惯例 在前的，在先的；前面的 preclude vt. 1. 预防；排除，杜绝 2. 阻止，防碍 predecessor n. 1. 前任，前辈 2.（被取代的）原有事物 pregnant adj. 1. 怀孕的；充满的 2. 意义重大的 3. 有创造力的 premise n. 前提 premium n. 1. 奖金 2. 津贴 prone adj. 有…倾向的，易于 … 的（to） propaganda n. 宣传 propel vt. 推进；推动；驱策 prophet n. 1. 预言者，预言家 2. 宣扬者；提倡者 prose n. 1. 散文 2. 平凡；乏味；无聊 prosecute vt. vi. 1. 彻底进行；执行 2. 从事，经营 3. 对 … 提起公诉，告发；检举； 1. 起诉，告发 2. 作检查官 prospective adj. 预期的，盼望中的；未来的 prototype n. 1. 原型；样品 2. 典型；模范 prudent adj. 1. 谨慎的；小心的，深谋远虑的 2. 精明的 3.节俭的 psychiatry n. 精神病学 pub n. 酒馆，客栈 Q quest n. vi. （长时间的）寻找，追求；探索；调查 寻找，寻求（for, after） quota n. 定额；（分）配额；限额 R radiant adj. 放射的，辐射的 rap n. 1. 叩击声；敲击声；急拍声 2. 责备 rape n. vt. vi. 1. 强奸 2. 掠夺，劫掠 3. 蹂躏，渎犯 4. 诱拐 1. 强奸 2. 掠夺 1. 强奸 2. 劫掠 rash n. adj. 一下子大量出现的事物 1. 急躁的，性急的，鲁莽的 2. 草率从事的，轻率的 recede vi. vt. 1. 退去；退远 2. 收回，撤回（from） 3. 降低；缩减 归还领土；交还 recipient adj. n. 接受的；容纳的；善于接受的 接受者；接受器 reckless adj. 1. 不介意的，不在乎的（of） 2. 鲁莽的 rectangle n. 矩形，长方形 recur vi. 再发生；反复发生 recycle vt. 回收利用；重新利用 redundant adj. 1. 过多的，过剩的，多余的 2. 累赘的；冗长的 refrain vi. 忍住，克制，制止（from） refugee n. 避难者；流亡者；难民 refund vt. 归还，偿还 rein vt. 控制；统治 relish n. 1. 特殊的味道；风味 2. 寓意，含意 3. 乐趣；趣事 remnant n. 残余；剩余；残迹 renaissance n. 1. 文艺复兴 2. 复兴；复活 repertoire n. 1. 保留剧目 2. 全部技能；所有组成部分 repression n. 镇压，抑制 retention n. 保持；保留 retort vt. 1. 反击，回报 2. 反驳；回嘴 retrieve vt. 取回，收回 retrospect n. 回顾，回想；追溯 revelation n. 展现；揭示；揭露 rigorous adj. 1. 严峻的；严格的 2. 严酷的 riot n. 1.暴乱，骚乱2.大跌价（亦作riot sale） rip vt. 撕，扯；划破 ritual n. adj. 1. 程序；仪规 2. 例行公事；老规矩；习惯 礼节性的；例行的；老规矩的；惯常的 robust adj. 1. 强健的；结实的 2. （运动等）需要很强体力的 3. 坚定的；直爽的 4. 醇的；浓的 5. 丰盛的 S salvation n. 救助；拯救；解救 sanction n. vt. 制裁 1. 认可；批准 2. 赞许；支持；鼓励 sane adj. 1. 健康的 2.清醒的 sarcastic adj. 讽刺的，挖苦的 saturate vt. adj. 1. 浸透；渗透；使充满 1. 浸透的；渗透的；饱和的 2. 深的，浓的 scandal n. 1. 丑事，丑闻 2. 反感；愤慨；引起反感（或愤慨）的事 scramble vi. vt. 1. 艰难地凑集；勉强拼凑 2. 仓促行动 1. 使混杂；扰乱 2. 匆忙的拼凑成（up） script n. vt. 1. 手迹，笔迹；手写体 2.剧本；广播稿 为（行动计划）提供细节 scrutiny n. 1. 细看；细阅 2.详尽的研究；详细检查；调查 sculpture n. 雕刻（术） sector n. 1. 部分，部门 2.分区，防区 seemingly adv. 表面上地 segregate vt. 1. 使分离，使分开；使隔离 2. 实行种族隔离 |
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6楼 serial adj. 1. 连续的；一连串的；一系列的 2. 分期连载的 3.分期偿还的 setback n. 阻碍；使受挫折 shabby adj. 破旧的 shatter vt 1. 使粉碎 2. 破坏，毁坏 shove vt. 1. 推，猛推 2. 强使 shrug vt.& vi. （为表示冷漠，无奈、蔑视、不满等）耸（肩） shuttle n. vt. & vi. 1. 短程穿梭运行的车(或飞机等) 2. 航天飞机 （使）穿梭般来回移动 siege vt. 包围，围攻 sip vi. n. 小口地喝 一抿之量 skeptical adj. 怀疑性的，好怀疑的 skim vt. 1. 略读，快读，浏览 2. 瞒报（部分收入等） skip vt. n. 1. 跳读，遗漏 2. 不参加 略过 skull n. 1. 颅骨，头骨 2. 杰出的学生（或工人、演奏者等）3. 骷髅画 slam vt. 1. 砰地关上门 2. 猛击 3. 猛烈抨击 slot n. 1. 狭缝 2. 狭窄的通道 3. 位置；职位 snap vt. vi. adj. 1. 猛咬 2. 迅速抓住 3. 给…拍照 厉声说话 1. 突然的，迅速的 2. 极容易的 sneak vi. adj. 1. 鬼鬼祟祟 2. 告密，打小报告 暗中进行的；突出其来的 sneeze n. vi. 喷嚏声；打喷嚏 打喷嚏 sniff vi. vt. n. 嗤之以鼻；蔑视 1. 用力吸入；嗅，闻 2.发觉 极小的机会 soar vt. 猛增，剧增 sociable adj. 1. 好交际的；和蔼可亲的；合群的 2. 喜欢群居的 solidarity n. 1. 团结一致 2. 休戚相关 solitary adj. 单个的，唯一的 solo vi. 单独表演；单飞 sovereign n. adj. 君主，国王 具有独立主权的 spacious adj. 广阔的；宽敞的；广大的；无边无际的 spectrum n. 1. 光谱 2. 系列，范围 3. 幻象 spicy adj. 辛辣的 spine n. 1. 脊椎，脊柱 2. 骨气；勇气 spiral n. vi. 1. 螺旋（形） 2. 盘旋 加剧增加 spouse n. 配偶 stalk n. vi. n. 主茎 大踏步走 潜随 staple n. adj 主要产品 1. 主要的 2. 经常用的 steak n. 1. 牛排 2. （煎炸用的）鱼块，肉块 stereotype n. 陈规，老套 strenuous adj. 紧张的；艰苦的；繁重的 strife n. 冲突；争吵；争斗 stroll vi. 散步，溜达，闲逛 stun vt. n. 使大吃一惊；使不知所措 惊人的事物 subject adj. adv. 易受…的；常遭…的；易患…的 在…条件下（to） subsidy n. 1. 补助金；补贴，津贴 2. 特别津贴 suffice vi. vt. 1. 足够 2. 能够 满足…的需要 suite n. 套，组系列 summit n. adj. 最高点，顶点 最高级的 superstition n. 迷信；盲目的恐惧 surge n. 急剧上升；激增 susceptible adj. 易受影响的；敏感的；过敏的（to） T tangle n. 1. 纠缠 2.纠纷 temperament n. 气质，性性；性格 texture n. 构造，构成 thrift n. 节俭，节约 torment vt. 使痛苦；折磨 toxic adj. 有毒的 transcend vt. vt. 超出，超越（经验、理性、信念等）的范围 超越；胜过 trash n. vi. 废物，垃圾 破坏；伤害 trigger vi. 触发，引起；促使（off） tropic adj. 热带的 tumour / tumor n. 肿大，肿块；（肿）瘤 U underlie vt. 构成（理论、政策、行为等）的基础；支持 V veil n. vt. 面纱；面罩 遮盖；掩饰；隐蔽 vein n. 静脉；血管 visa n. vt. 1.签证2.（表示同意、批准的）签名，签字 签准 vocal adj. 1. 有声的；发声的 2. 用语言表达的，口述的 W wardrobe n. 衣柜，衣橱 whale n. 鲸 whatsoever pron. adj. = whatever 无论什么 = whatever 无论什么 wink n. 霎时，瞬息之间 witch vt. 用魔法迷住 wretched adj. 1. 悲惨的，不幸的 2. 质量差的；3. 严重的 Y Z zip n. 1. [口]精力，活力，元气 2. 拉链 |
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7楼 vt. n. 急速上升 使急速上升；使激增 1. 急速上升；激增 2. 热情；活力 Section III Reading Comprehension Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points) Text 1 The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. An important factor in a market-oriented economy is that mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system. The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individual are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual. 41. In Lines 8-9, Para. 1, “the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes” means ____. [A] Americans are never satisfied with their incomes [B] Americans tend to overstate their incomes [C] Americans want to have their incomes increased [D] Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes 42. The first two sentences in the second paragraph tell us that ____. [A] producers can satisfy the consumers by mechanized production [B] consumers can express their demands through producers |
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8楼 [D] supply and demand regulate prices 43. According to the passage, a private-enterprise economy is characterized by ____. [A] private property and rights concerned [B] manpower and natural resources control [C] ownership of productive resources [D] free contracts and prices 44. The passage is mainly about ____. [A] how American goods are produced [B] how American consumers buy their goods [C] how American economic system works [D] how American businessmen make their profits Text 2 One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizon — it’s already here. While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers. 45. According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to ____. [A] withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes [B] obtain more convenient services than other people do [C] enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper [D] cash money wherever he wishes to 46. From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that ____. [A] in the future all the Americans will use credit cards [B] credit cards are mainly used in the United States today [C] nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash [D] it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before 47. The phrase “ring up sales” (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 2) most probably means “____”. [A] make an order of goods [B] record sales on a cash register [C] call the sales manager |
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9楼 48. What is this passage mainly about? [A] Approaches to the commercial use of computers. [B] Conveniences brought about by computers in business. [C] Significance of automation in commercial enterprises. [D] Advantages of credit cards in business. Text 3 Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences. Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society’s understanding — the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation. Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. “All men are created equal.” We’ve heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country’s founders to denote equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children — the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children — disabled or not — to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary step to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs. 49. In Paragraph 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that ____. [A] the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the society [B] exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children are [C] exceptional children are the key interest of the family and society [D] the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children 50. The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that ____. [A] they are expected to be leaders of the society [B] they might become a burden of the society [C] they should fully develop their potentials [D] disabled children deserve special consideration |
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10楼 [A] the differences of children in their learning capabilities [B] the definition of exceptional children in modern society [C] the special educational programs for exceptional children [D] the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children 52. From this passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children ____. [A] is now enjoying legal support [B] disagrees with the tradition of the country [C] was clearly stated by the country’s founders [D] will exert great influence over court decisions Text 4 “I have great confidence that by the end of the decade we’ll know in vast detail how cancer cells arise,” says microbiologist Robert Weinberg, an expert on cancer. “But ,” he cautions, “some people have the idea that once one understands the causes, the cure will rapidly follow. Consider Pasteur. He discovered the causes of many kinds of infections, but it was fifty or sixty years before cures were available.” This year, 50 percent of the 910,000 people who suffer from cancer will survive at least five years. In the year 2000, the National Cancer Institute estimates, that figure will be 75 percent. For some skin cancers, the five-year survival rate is as high as 90 percent. But other survival statistics are still discouraging — 13 percent for lung cancer, and 2 percent for cancer of the pancreas(胰腺)。 With as many as 120 varieties in existence, discovering how cancer works is not easy. The researchers made great progress in the early 1970s, when they discovered that oncogenes, which are cancer-causing genes (基因), are inactive in normal cells. Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown. If several oncogenes are driven into action, the cell, unable to turn them off, becomes cancerous. The exact mechanisms involved are still mysterious, but the likelihood that many cancers are initiated at the level of genes suggests that we will never prevent all cancers. “Changes are a normal part of the evolutionary process,” says oncologist William Haywar. Environmental factors can never be totally eliminated; as Hayward points out, “We can’t prepare a medicine against cosmic rays.” The prospects for cure, though still distant, are brighter. “First, we need to understand how the normal cell controls itself. Second, we have to determine whether there are a limited number of genes in cells which are always responsible for at least part of the trouble. If we can understand how cancer works, we can counteract its action.” 53. The example of Pasteur in the text is used to ____. [A] predict that the secret of cancer will be disclosed in a decade [B] indicate that the prospects for curing cancer are bright [C] prove that cancer will be cured in fifty to sixty years [D] warn that there is still a long way to go before cancer can be conquered 54. The author implies that by the year 2000, ____. [A] there will be a drastic rise in the five-year survival rate of skin-cancer patients |
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11楼 [C] the survival statistics will be fairly even among patients with various cancers [D] there won’t be a drastic increase of survival rate of all cancer patients 55. Oncogenes are cancer-causing genes ____. [A] that are always in operation in a healthy person [B] which remain unharmful so long as they are not activated [C] that can be driven out of normal cells [D] which normal cells can’t turn off 56. The word “dormant” in the third paragraph most probably means ____. [A] dead [B] ever-present [C] inactive [D] potential Text 5 Discoveries in science and technology are thought by “untaught minds” to come in blinding flashes or as the result of dramatic accidents. Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold (霉) on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then. He experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery. Inventions and innovations almost always come out of laborious trial and error. Innovation is like soccer; even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score. The point is that the players who score most are the ones who take the most shots at the goal — and so it goes with innovation in any field of activity. The prime difference between innovators and others is one of approach. Everybody gets ideas, but innovators work consciously on theirs, and they follow them through until they prove practicable or otherwise. What ordinary people see as fanciful abstractions, professional innovators see as solid possibilities. “Creative thinking may mean simply the realization that there’s no particular virtue in doing things the way they have always been done,” wrote Rudolph Flesch, a language authority. This accounts for our reaction to seemingly simple innovations like plastic garbage bags and suitcases on wheels that make life more convenient: “How come nobody thought of that before?” The creative approach begins with the proposition that nothing is as it appears. Innovators will not accept that there is only one way to do anything. Faced with getting from A to B, the average person will automatically set out on the best-known and apparently simplest route. The innovator will search for alternate courses, which may prove easier in the long run and are bound to be more interesting and challenging even if they lead to dead ends. Highly creative individuals really do march to a different drummer. 57. What does the author probably mean by “untaught mind” in the first paragraph? [A] A person ignorant of the hard work involved in experimentation. [B] A citizen of a society that restricts personal creativity. [C] A person who has had no education. [D] An individual who often comes up with new ideas by accident. 58. According to the author, what distinguishes innovators from non-innovators? [A] The variety of ideas they have. [B] The intelligence they possess. [C] The way they deal with problems. |
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12楼 59. The author quotes Rudolph Flesh in Paragraph 3 because ____. [A] Rudolph Flesh is the best-known expert in the study of human creativity [B] the quotation strengthens the assertion that creative individuals look for the new ways of doing things [C] the reader is familiar with Ruldolph Flesch’s point of view [D] the quotation adds a new idea to the information previously presented 60. The phrase “march to a different drummer” (the last line of the text) suggests the highly creative individuals are ____. [A] diligent in pursuing their goals [B] reluctant to follow common ways of doing things [C] devoted to the progress of science [D] concerned about the advance of society Section Ⅲ Reading Comprehension / 阅读理解考点透析与全文翻译 Part A Text 1 考点透析 43. 【答案】D 【题干与选项释义】 In Lines 8-9, Para. 1, “the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes” means ____. 在第一段第8-9行，“个人收入最大化的愿望”含义是______。 [A] Americans are never satisfied with their incomes 美国人对他们的收入从来都不满意 [B] Americans tend to overstate their incomes 美国人倾向于夸大他们的收入 [C] Americans want to have their incomes increased 美国人想使他们的收入得到提高 [D] Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes 美国人希望提高他们收入的购买力 【考点透析】关键词理解 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第一段尾句的 “individual consumers”。有的考生未能认识到题干中的 “individuals” 指代的是 “individual consumers”，以致于解题思路混乱。“individual consumers” 的愿望当然是用同等额度的钱购买到尽可能多的物品，故选项D是正确选项。考生在解题时一定要认真审题，以免解题思路陷入盲区。 44. 【答案】D 【题干与选项释义】 The first two sentences in the second paragraph tell us that ____. 第二段的头两句话告诉我们______。 [A] producers can satisfy the consumers by mechanized production 生产者可以通过机械化生产满足消费者 [B] consumers can express their demands through producers 消费者可以通过生产者表达他们的需求 [C] producers decide the prices of products 生产者决定产品价格 [D] supply and demand regulate prices 供给和需求调整价格 【考点透析】局部理解 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第二段第二句。有的考生未能认识到本题答案信息点实际上在第二段第二句；有的考生未能抓住第二句的中心主旨内容谈论的是：价格(price)。具体地讲就是：供求与价格的关系，故选项D是正确的。考生在解题时一定要精确理解原文语句所表达的含义。 45. 【答案】A 【题干与选项释义】 According to the passage, a private-enterprise economy is characterized by ____. 根据本文，私有经济以______为特点。 [A] private property and rights concerned 相关的私人财产和权利 [B] manpower and natural resources control 人力和自然资源的控制 [C] ownership of productive resources 生产资源的所有权 [D] free contracts and prices 自由合同和价格 【考点透析】段落概括 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在尾段。有的考生虽然理解了尾段的大概内容，但却未能抓住尾段所阐述的主旨信息和内容，以致于对正确选项A缺乏应有的认识和理解。考生一定要加强归纳、总结和概括主旨信息和内容的能力，以免解题思路混乱。 46. 【答案】C |
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13楼 The passage is mainly about ____. 这篇短文主要叙述______。 [A] how American goods are produced 美国的产品是怎样被生产的 [B] how American consumers buy their goods 美国消费者是如何购买他们的商品的 [C] how American economic system works 美国的经济系统是如何运行的 [D] how American businessmen make their profits 美国商人是如何赚取利润的 【考点透析】中心思想 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第一、二、三段的首句。有的考生由于对本题题型（中心主旨题型）认识不够，故未能重视第一、二、三段主题句（第一句）所阐述的内容，以致于对正确选项C缺乏足够的重视。考生在解题时首先要抓住每一道题的题型，不同的题型需要不同的思路和解题方法。 全文翻译 美国的经济体制围绕私营为主企业和市场经济构建起来，消费者通过在市场花钱购买他们最需要的商品和服务来决定应该生产什么。私营业主在与同行的竞争中为追求利润而生产、提供这些产品和服务；运作于竞争压力下的利润驱动极大程度地决定着这些产品及服务的生产方式。因此，在美国经济体制下，个人消费者的需要，加之企业家对利润最大化的追求以及个人对使收入最大化的渴望，共同决定着该生产什么以及资源该如何使用来进行生产。 市场为主导的经济的一个重要因素是这样一个机制。通过该机制，消费者的需求能够被表达，并且通过生产商对此做出反应。在美国经济中，该机制通过价格体系得以实现。在这个过程中，价格随着消费者的相对需求和销售商—生产商的供给状况而升降。如果产品相对供不应求，价格就会被抬高，一些消费者将被挤出市场。另一方面，如果商品的大量生产带来成本的降低，这将趋于提高销售商—生产商的供给，从而反过来导致价格下降，致使更多的消费者购买产品。因此，价格是美国经济体系中的调节机制。 私营企业经济的重要因素是个人被允许拥有生产资料（私人财产），他们被获准雇佣劳动力，控制自然资源，并且为获利销售而生产产品和提供服务。在美国经济中，私人财产的概念不仅包含对生产资料的所有权，还包含某些其他权利，包括对产品的定价权或与另一私营者签定自由合同的权利。 Text 2 47. 【答案】B 【题干与选项释义】 According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to ____. 根据本文，信用卡能够使它的主人______。 [A] withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes 根据自己的意愿，想要多少钱，就从银行取多少钱 [B] obtain more convenient services than other people do 比其他人获得更多的便利服务 [C] enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper 享受店主的更多信任 [D] cash money wherever he wishes to 随地兑换现金 【考点透析】段落概括 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第一段的第二、三句。有的考生虽然依据题干中的 “owner” 一词将本题的答案信息点确定在第一段的第二、三句，却未能准确理解这两句话所传递的 “convenient services”（便利服务）之主旨含义，以致错选。考生在解题时一定要善于捕捉句子的深层主旨含义。 48. 【答案】C 【题干与选项释义】 From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that ____. 根据第一段最后一句话，我们得知______。 [A] in the future all the Americans will use credit cards 将来，所有的美国人都会使用信用卡 [B] credit cards are mainly used in the United States today 如今，信用卡主要在美国使用 [C] nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash 现在，许多美国人不用现金付账 [D] it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before 现在用信用卡比以前方便多了。 【考点透析】单句理解 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第一段尾句中的 “cashless society”。有的考生虽然能够理解第一段尾句的字面含义，但却未能抓住该句中 “cashless society”（不用现金的社会）和 “it”(= cashless society) 所传递的主旨含义：“许多美国人目前不再使用现金，而使用信用卡”。考生在解题时要依据原文答案信息点所传递的信息，不能随意猜想。 |
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14楼 【题干与选项释义】 The phrase “ring up sales” (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 2) most probably means “____”. 短语 “ring up sales”（第2段，第2-3行）最可能意味着______。 [A] make an order of goods 定购商品 [B] record sales on a cash register 在收银机上记录销售情况 [C] call the sales manager 给销售经理打电话 [D] keep track of the goods in stock 跟踪记录存货 【考点透析】关键词理解 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第二段第二句中的主语 “registers” 一词。有些考生在不懂 “ring up sales” 的情况下，未能借助本句话主语 “registers”一词的基本含义巧妙解题。“register” 的基本含义是“登记、注册、报到”，故选项B中的 “record”（记录、登记）应该是正确答案。考生在解题时要有根据语境进行推导的能力。 50. 【答案】B 【题干与选项释义】 What is this passage mainly about? 这篇文章主要叙述的是什么？ [A] Approaches to the commercial use of computers. 计算机商业用途的途径。 [B] Conveniences brought about by computers in business. 商业中计算机带来的便利。 [C] Significance of automation in commercial enterprises. 商业企业中自动化的重要性。 [D] Advantages of credit cards in business. 商业中信用卡的优点。 【考点透析】中心思想 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第二段第一句和尾段。有些考生未能通过第二段第一句抓住第一段和第二段的总体，论述主旨内容：“电脑给消费者和商家所带来的便利”，故解题思路混乱，未抓住正确选项B。考生解题时对主题句要有深刻的理解。 全文翻译 1.13亿美国人每人至少拥有一张银行信用卡。它们为持卡人在商店、饭店、宾馆，无论是在本地、全国、还是国外，提供自动信用，同时，信用卡也使许多银行业务得以展开。越来越多的信用卡可被自动识读，不管当地的分支银行是否开门营业，人们都可以在分散的各处存钱取款。对我们很多人来说“无现钞的社会”不是即将来临，——而是已经到来。 计算机向消费者提供这些便利的同时，也给商家带来了诸多好处。电子现金出纳机（收款机）可做之事远远超过将销售情况简单予以记录。它们可以记录更多方面的信息，包括谁售出了什么、售出时间以及售与对象。通过显示哪些商品正在销售以及其销售速度等信息，使得商家跟踪他们的商品目录。继续订货或将货品退还供应商的决定可由此作出。同时，这些计算机可记录哪个钟点最忙，哪些雇员最有效率，从而使人事和员工的调配得到相应的安排。它们还可以为促销宣传选出最受欢迎的顾客。基于相似的原因，制造商也很依赖计算机。经计算机分析的市场报告能帮助决定哪些产品该现在力推，哪些产品应将来开发，哪些需要放弃。计算机还记录掌握库存商品、现有的原材料、甚至生产过程本身。 数不清的其他商业机构，从剧院到杂志出版社，从天然气和电力公司到牛奶加工厂，都通过计算机的应用给消费者带来更佳更高效的服务。 Text 3 51. 【答案】A 【题干与选项释义】 In Paragraph 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that ____. 在第二段，作者引用舞台上主要演员的例子是为了表明______。 [A] the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the society 特异孩子的成长与他们的家庭和社会有很大关系 [B] exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children are 特异孩子比正常孩子受到家庭的影响更大 [C] exceptional children are the key interest of the family and society 特异孩子是家庭和社会的主要兴趣 [D] the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children 社会的需要比特异孩子的需要重要得多 |
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15楼 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第二段第一句。有些考生未能认清本题是常考的 “example” 题型，故不知道本题答案信息点应该在 “leading actor” 的前面一句话（第二段第一句）中；有些考生未能理解第二段第一句中 “their environment”（孩子们的环境）相当于选项A中的 “their family and society”，以致误答。考生要加强理解题型的能力；还要加强深刻理解原文的能力。 52. 【答案】C 【题干与选项释义】 The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that ____. 特异孩子在教育中受到很多关注的原因是______。 [A] they are expected to be leaders of the society 他们有望成为社会领袖 [B] they might become a burden of the society 他们有可能成为社会的负担 [C] they should fully develop their potentials 他们应该充分发展自己的潜力 [D] disabled children deserve special consideration 残疾孩子应该得到特殊关照 【考点透析】单句理解 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第三段第三句 “that” 引导的同位语从句。有的考生未能借助题干中的 “so much concern in…”（相当于原文中的 “great interest in …”）将本题答案信息确定在第三段第三句；有的考生虽然将本题的答案信息确定在第三段的第三句，却未能抓住本句中 “that” 引导的同位语从句来确定正确选项C。考生要加强审题和迅速确定答案信息点的能力。 53. 【答案】D 【题干与选项释义】 This passage mainly deals with ____. 这篇文章主要讲______。 [A] the differences of children in their learning capabilities 孩子在学习能力方面的差异 [B] the definition of exceptional children in modern society 在现代社会中，特异孩子的定义 [C] the special educational programs for exceptional children 为特异孩子开设的特殊教育项目 [D] the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children 调整教育以适应特异孩子的必要性 【考点透析】中心思想 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第一段第二句的主句。有的考生未能认清本题是“中心思想主旨”题型，故忽略了从本文的中心主旨句（第一段第二句）入手进行解题。考生一定要在认清题型的前提下着手解题。 54. 【答案】A 【题干与选项释义】 From this passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children ____. 从本文，我们得知对特异孩子的教育关注______。 [A] is now enjoying legal support 正受到法律支持 [B] disagrees with the tradition of the country 与国家传统不一致 [C] was clearly stated by the country’s founders 被国家奠基者明确地表达 [D] will exert great influence over court decisions 将对法庭裁决产生极大的影响 【考点透析】综合推理 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第四段第一句、第二句和倒数第二句。有些考生在无法根据题干词语确定本题答案信息点的情况下，忽略了尾段首句 “All men are created equal”（人生而平等）所暗示的“法律”概念，以致于未认识到正确选项A中 “legal”（法的）一词的作用。考生在无法确定答案信息点的情况下，一定要根据题目所出现的顺序去确定答案信息点，另外考生更要加强对原文重点语句的深刻理解。 全文翻译 特异儿童与同龄其他孩子相比在某一重要方面有不同之处。这些孩子，要充分开发其成人潜力，他们所受的教育就必须顺应那些差异。 尽管我们关注特异儿童的需要，但我们发现自己也在描述他们的环境。虽说舞台上的主角吸引我们的注意力，但我们意识到配角及剧目本身场景的重要性。特异儿童生活的家庭及社会常常是他们成长和发展的关键。并且正是在公立学校里我们感受到了社会理解的充分体现——传授给下一代的知识、希望和恐惧。 |
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16楼 “人生而平等”。我们已无数次听过这句话，但它对民主社会的教育仍然有着重要的寓意。尽管这句话被国家缔造者们用来预示法律面前的平等，它还一直被解释为机会的平等。这个概念意味着所有儿童都享有教育机会——每个孩子接受帮助去尽其所能地学习知识的权利，不管能力是大还是小。最近的法庭裁决已确定了所有儿童——不论残疾与否——接受适应性教育的权利，并已责令公立学校采取必要的措施来提供这种教育。应此要求，学校正修改其课程，使教育适应于特异儿童及那些不能从常规课程中实实在在受益的孩子。 Text 4 55. 【答案】D 【题干与选项释义】 The example of Pasteur in the text is used to ____. 本文中Pasteur的例子是用来______。 [A] predict that the secret of cancer will be disclosed in a decade 预测癌的秘密在10年之内即可揭晓 [B] indicate that the prospects for curing cancer are bright 指出癌治疗的前景是光明的 [C] prove that cancer will be cured in fifty to sixty years 证明癌在50到60年之内将被治愈 [D] warn that there is still a long way to go before cancer can be conquered 警告在癌被征服之前，还有很长的路要走 【考点透析】局部理解 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第一段第二句和尾句。有的考生虽然依据题干中的信息词语将本题的答案信息圈定在第一段，但却因为对本题题型（例举题型）缺乏认识，以致于没有重视第一段第二句的深层含义。考生解题时应该首先搞懂每一道题的题型，不同的题型需要不同的解题思路。 56. 【答案】D 【题干与选项释义】 The author implies that by the year 2000, ____. 作者暗示到2000年，______。 [A] there will be a drastic rise in the five-year survival rate of skin-cancer patients 皮肤癌患者的五年期存活率会有很大的提高 [B] 90 percent of the skin-cancer patients today will still be living 今天的皮肤癌患者中的90%仍然活着 [C] the survival statistics will be fairly even among patients with various cancers 在患不同癌的病人中，存活的统计数字会十分均衡 [D] there won’t be a drastic increase of survival rate of all cancer patients 不是所有癌症病人的存活率都会有极大提升的 【考点透析】段落理解 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第二段的尾句。有些考生虽然依据题干中的信息词语从第二段第二句入手解题，但却未能深入至本段的尾句寻找本题确切答案信息，以致于对正确选项D缺乏认识和理解。考生一定要进行深入细致的解题。 57. 【答案】B 【题干与选项释义】 Oncogenes are cancer-causing genes ____. 引肿瘤基因是______的致癌基因。 [A] that are always in operation in a healthy person 在健康人体内一直活动 [B] which remain unharmful so long as they are not activated 只要不被激活，就仍处于无害状态 [C] that can be driven out of normal cells 能够从正常细胞中被驱逐出的 [D] which normal cells can’t turn off 正常细胞不能阻止 【考点透析】局部理解 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第三段落第二句。有些考生虽然依据题干信息词语将本题的答案信息点确定在第三段第二句，但却未能准确理解本句所表达的含义，以致于对正确选项B认识不够。考生在解题时要从语句的表层含义深入至推导含义。 58. 【答案】C 【题干与选项释义】 The word “dormant” in the third paragraph most probably means ____. 第三段中的单词“dormant”最可能的意思是______。 [A] dead 死亡的 [B] ever-present 永远存在的 [C] inactive 非活动的 [D] potential 潜在的 【考点透析】关键词理解 【常见错误与防范】本题的答案信息在第三段倒数第二句的 “activate” 一词。有些考生在不懂 “dormant” 一词含义的情况下，未能借助其前的谓语动词 “activate”（使活化；激活）来灵活解题。“activate a dormant oncogene” 实际上是“动宾”关系。由此可以推知：被激活的对象一定是“不活跃的”(inactive)。考生解题陷入盲区时，一定要借助语法结构和合理推导来解题。 全文翻译 “我有极大的信心，在这个十年期结束时我们将会详尽地了解癌细胞是如何生成的”，微生物学家Robert Weinberg——一位癌症专家——如此说道。“但是”，他告诫说：“一些人认为一旦人们弄清了病因，治疗方法很快就会跟上。其实不然。想想Pasteur。他发现了许多种感染的成因，但治疗方法却过了五六十年后才问世。” 今年，91万癌症患者中有一半将至少再活五年。国家癌症研究所估计，到2000年存活率将升至75%。对一些皮肤癌来说，五年期存活率高达90%。但其他类型癌症的存活数据却仍令人沮丧——肺癌13%，胰腺癌2%。 癌症现有种类多达一百二十多种，发现其如何作用实属不易。研究人员在20世纪70年代早期取得了很大进展，当时他们发现导致癌症的基因肿瘤基因在正常细胞里是不活跃的。从宇宙射线到辐射、到日常饮食，任何东西都可能激活一个静态的肿瘤基因，但如何激� |
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